Biharmonic functions on the classical compact simple Lie groups (Q1651379)

The paper under review studies complex-valued biharmonic functions on an open subset of the classical compact simple Lie groups. These biharmonic functions are actually biharmonic maps into 2-dimensional Euclidean space. Several new families of complex-valued proper biharmonic functions defined on open subsets of $\mathrm{SU}(n)$, $\mathrm{SO}(n)$ and $\mathrm{Sp}(n)$ are constructed. An ingredient here is the fact that a homothetic submersion with minimal fibers preserves solutions of the $k$-Laplace equation ($\Delta^k u:=\Delta(\Delta^{k-1}u)=0$) in the sense that it pulls back local proper $k$-polyharmonic functions to proper $k$-polyharmonic functions. A duality principle is also established which guarantees that the dual function of a proper $k$-polyharmonic complex-valued functions is again a proper $k$-polyharmonic complex-valued functions.