On fractional Hardy inequalities in convex sets (Q1661152)

The following Hardy-type inequality is obtained: Theorem. Let \( 1 < p < \infty \) and \( 0 < s < 1 \). Let \(K\subset \mathbb{R}^N\) be an open convex set such that \(K\not= \mathbb{R}^N\). Then for every \(u\in C_0^{\infty}(K)\) we have \[ \frac{C}{s(1-s)} \int_K \frac{|u|^p}{d_K^{sp } } dx \leq \int \int_{\mathbb{R}^N \times \mathbb{R}^N} \frac{|u(x)-u(y)|^p}{|x-y|^{N+sp}} \, dx \, dy, \] for a computable constant \(C=C(N,p)>0\). Let \(\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^N\) be an open set. The homogeneous Sobolev-Slobodeckiĭ space \({\mathcal D}^{s,p}_0(\Omega)\) is defined as the completion of \(C^{\infty}_0(\Omega)\) with respect to the norm \(u \mapsto [u]_{W^{s,p}(\mathbb{R}^N)}\). The first eigenvalue of the fractional \(p\)-Laplacian of order \(s\) in \(\Omega\) is defined as \[ \lambda^{s}_{1,p}(\Omega) = \inf_{u \in C^{\infty}_0(\Omega)} \left\{ [u]^p_{W^{s,p}(\mathbb{R}^N)} : \int_{\Omega} |u|^p dx = 1\right\}. \] As a consequence of the above theorem one has the following result: Corollary. Let \(1 < p <\infty\) and \( 0 < s < 1\). Let \(K\subset \mathbb{R}^N\) be an open convex set such that its inradius is finite, i.e., \[ R_K:= \sup_{x\in K}d_k(x) < \infty. \] Then \({\mathcal D}^{s,p}_0(K)\) is a functional space, continuously embedded in \(L^p(K)\). Moreover, it holds \[ \frac{C}{R_K^{sp}} \leq s(1-s) \lambda^{s}_{1,p}(K), \] where \(C\) is the same constant as in Theorem. Also, the following Poincaré inequality for sets bounded in direction is proved. Corollary. Let \(w_0 \in \mathbb{R}^N\) be such that \(|w_0|=1\) and let \(l_1, l_2 \in \mathbb{R}\) with \(l_1 < l_2.\) For every open set such that \[ \Omega \subset \{ x \in \mathbb{R}^N : l_1 <\langle x,w_0 \rangle < l_2\} \] one has \[ C\left( \frac{2}{l_2-l_1 } \right)^{sp} \leq s(1-s) \lambda^{s}_{1,p}(\Omega), \] where \(C\) is the same constant as in Theorem.