Bounds on exponential sums with quadrinomials (Q1668845)

Let \(\chi\) be a multiplicative character and \(\psi\) be an additive character of the finite prime field \(F_p\). For a polynomial \(F(X)\in F_p[X]\) denote by \(S_\chi(F)\) the character sum \[S_\chi(F)=\sum_{x\in F_p^*}\chi(x)\psi(F(x)).\] The Weil bound \[|S_\chi(F)|\le \deg(F)p^{1/2}\] has been improved for sparse polynomials by various authors. For quadrinomials \(F(X)=aX^k+bX^\ell+cX^m+dX^n\) the author improves on these bounds, in particular on Theorem 1.1 of \textit{T. Cochrane} et al. [Acta Arith. 116, No. 1, 35--41 (2005; Zbl 1082.11050)] and Theorem 1.1 of \textit{T. Cochrane} and \textit{C. Pinner} [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 133, No. 2, 313--320 (2005; Zbl 1068.11053)]. He uses techniques from his joint work with \textit{I. D. Shkredov} and \textit{I. E. Shparlinski} [Can. J. Math. 70, No. 6, 1319--1338 (2018; Zbl 1448.11213)].