Interval oscillation criteria for forced mixed nonlinear impulsive differential equations with variable delay (Q1680786)

In this paper, new oscillation criteria so called ``interval oscillation criteria'' are obtained for a class of forced mixed nonlinear impulsive differential equations of the form \[ \begin{aligned} &(r(t)\Phi_\alpha(x'(t)))'+p_0(t)\Phi_\alpha(x(t))+\sum_{i=1}^np_i(t)\Phi_{\beta_i}(x(t-\sigma(t)))=f(t);\quad t\neq\tau_k\\ &x(\tau_k^+)=a_kx(\tau_k),\quad x'(\tau_k^+)=b_kx'(\tau_k);\quad k=1,2,\ldots,\end{aligned}\tag{1.1} \] where \(\Phi_*(s)=|s|^{*-1}s\), \(\{\tau_k\}\) is an increasing sequence of real numbers with \(\lim_{t\to\infty}\tau_k=\infty\), and it holds \[ 0<\beta_n<\cdots<\beta_{m+1}<\alpha<\beta_m<\cdots<\beta_1. \] In [Comput. Math. Appl. 61, No. 4, 933--940 (2011; Zbl 1217.34055)], \textit{A. Özbekler} and \textit{A. Zafer}, and [\textit{Z. Guo} et al., J. Math. Anal. Appl. 381, No. 1, 187--201 (2011; Zbl 1233.34013)] considered the same problem without delay term, i.e., \(\sigma(t)\equiv0\). Later on, their results have been extended to delay differential equations of the form (1.1) with a constant delay term, i.e., \(\sigma(t)=\mathrm{const}\). In this paper, taking the delay term as a variable function \(\sigma(t)\), the authors extend and complement the existing results in the literature. The proofs of the main results are done by using some estimations on the ratio of the functions \(x(t-\sigma(t))\) and \(x(t)\) on each considered interval, then the Riccati transformation is applied to obtain interval oscillation criteria. The non-linear terms in (1.1) are linearized via Lemma 2.1 (Lemma 1.1 in [ Özbekler and Zafer, loc. cit.]).