A method of rotations for Lévy multipliers (Q1686777)

The purpose of the article is to approach the solution of the long standing conjecture of \textit{T. Iwaniec} [Z. Anal. Anwend. 1, No. 6, 1--16 (1982; Zbl 0577.46038)] that the Beurling-Ahlfors transform \({B\in B(L_p(\mathbb{C}))}\), \({1< p<\infty}\), defined by \[ Bf(z)=-\frac{1}{\pi}\,p.v.\int_\mathbb{C}\frac{f(w)}{(z-w)^2}\,dw,\;\;f\in C^\infty_0(\mathbb{C}), \] has the norm \({\|B\|_p=p^*-1}\) where \({p^*=\max\left\{p,\frac{p}{p-1}\right\}}\). From the works of many researchers there is known that for all \({1< p<\infty}\) the following estimate holds \[ p^*-1\leq\|B\|_p\leq1.575(p^*-1). \] The methods of obtaining the upper bound can be actually applied for a large class of Fourier multipliers (i.e., operators with property \({\widehat{T_mf}(\xi)=m(\xi)\hat{f}(\xi)}\)) that includes the Beaurling-Ahlfors transform (for which \({m(\xi)=\frac{\bar{\xi}}{\xi}}\)). In particular, it works for the case \[ m(\xi)=m_\alpha(\xi)=\frac{\int_{\mathbb{S}^{n-1}}|\xi\cdot\theta|^\alpha\varphi(\theta)\,d\sigma(\theta)} {\int_{\mathbb{S}^{n-1}}|\xi\cdot\theta|^\alpha\,d\sigma(\theta)}, \] where \({0<\alpha<2}\), \({\varphi\in L_\infty(\mathbb{S}^{n-1})}\) and \(\sigma\) is standard surface measure on the unit sphere~\({\mathbb{S}^{n-1}}, n\geq2\). The main result of the article is the upper bound for the norm \({\|T_{m_\alpha}\|_p}\) for all \({0<\alpha}.\) Instead of probabilistic methods, which are not applied for \({\alpha\geq2}\), the author uses analytic methods such as Marcinkiewicz and Hörmander-Mikhlin multipliers theorems.