On a motivic invariant of the arc-analytic equivalence (Q1687859)

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On a motivic invariant of the arc-analytic equivalence
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    On a motivic invariant of the arc-analytic equivalence (English)
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    4 January 2018
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    In the spirit of the work of Denef-Loeser on motivic zeta functions in the algebro-geometric context, Koike and Parusinski, and later Fichou, constructed similar zeta functions in the real analytic context. These were used for various classifications of real singularities. All these zeta functions are formal power series in one variable, with coefficients in some Grothendieck ring of algebraic varieties in the first case. The zeta functions of Koike-Parusinski are associated to real analytic function germs and have integer coefficients, using the Euler characteristic with compact support. Those of Fichou are associated to $\mathcal A\mathcal S$-sets, using the virtual Poincaré polynomial. A semialgebraic subset $A$ of $\mathbb P^n_{\mathbb R}$ is called an $\mathcal A \mathcal S$-set if for every real analytic arc $\gamma: (-1,1) \to \mathbb P^n_{\mathbb R}$ such that $\gamma((-1,0))\subset A$, there exists $\epsilon >0$ such that $\gamma((0,\epsilon))\subset A$. In fact, the $\mathcal A\mathcal S$-sets form the boolean algebra spanned by the semialgebraic arc-symmetric subsets (in the sense of Kurdyka) of $\mathbb P^n_{\mathbb R}$. \par In the present paper, Campesato constructs a finer zeta function with additional structure, in terms of a Grothendieck ring in the framework of $\mathcal A\mathcal S$-sets up to $\mathbb R^*$-equivariant $\mathcal A\mathcal S$-bijections over $\mathbb R^*$. More precisely, consider a Nash germ $f:(\mathbb R^d,0) \to (\mathbb R,0)$, and denote by $\mathcal X_n(f)$ the collection of real analytic $n$-jets $\gamma$ on $\mathbb R^d$ satisfying $\gamma(0)=0$ and $f(\gamma(t))\cong ct^n \! \mod t^{n+1}$ with $c\neq 0$. The author defines the \textsl{motivic local zeta function} of $f$ as \[ Z_f(T):= \sum_{n\geq 0}[\mathcal X_n(f)]\mathbb L^{-nd} T^n , \] where $\mathbb L$ is as usual the class associated to the affine (real) line. \par Similar to all the previous zeta functions, the author shows that $Z_f(T)$ is a rational function in $T$, provides an explicit formula in terms of an embedded resolution of $f$, and a combinatorial formula in the case that $f$ is a Newton non-degenerate polynomial. Also, his motivic local zeta function specializes to the zeta functions considered by Koike-Parusinski and Fichou. A main result in the paper is of `Thom-Sebastiani' style. When $f$ and $g$ are two Nash germs in disjoint variables, the author is able to compute $Z_{f+g}(T)$ in terms of $Z_{f}(T)$ and $Z_{g}(T)$ via the construction of a new convolution formula (for a modified version of the motivic local zeta function). \par Next, the author introduces a new relation, called \textsl{arc-analytic equivalence}, for Nash germs. He shows that this is an equivalence relation, and that it coincides with the `current' notion of blow-Nash equivalence of Fichou, settling the question whether this notion was an equivalence relation. The local motivic zeta function is an invariant of this relation. Finally, as an application it is shown that the exponents of Brieskorn polynomials are invariants of the arc-analytic equivalence, yielding some partial classification of these polynomials.
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    real singularities
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    blow-Nash equivalence
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    Nash functions
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    motivic integration
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    arc-analytic functions
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    arc-analytic equivalence
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