Idempotent conjugacy in monoids (Q1689471)

The paper is concerned with strongly \(\pi\)-regular monoids \(M\) (meaning that some power of each element lies in a subgroup of \(M\)) with the property that every two \({\mathcal J}\)-related idempotents are conjugate. Such monoids are called by the author IC-monoids. This is a continuation of a long series of papers of the author on the structure of IC-monoids and their representations, motivated by the fact that several important classes of monoids fit into this class. It is first shown that Green's \({\mathcal R}\), \({\mathcal L}\), \({\mathcal J}\)-classes of (the multiplicative monoid of) every strongly \(\pi\)-regular ring \(R\) are determined by the group of units of \(R\) and also that \((R,\cdot)\) is an IC-monoid. Then the focus is on the local structure of an IC-monoid. The so-called local IC-monoid \(M(G,P,P^-, H)\) is determined by two groups \(G\), \(H\), two subgroups \(P\), \(P^-\) of \(G\) together with two homomorphisms \(P\to H\), \(P^-\to H\) that agree on \(P\cap P^-\). Such a monoid \(M(G,P, P^-, H)\) is of the form \(G\cup H\cup\{0\}\), with \(G\) the group of units and \(J\cup\{0\}\) a completely \(0\)-simple ideal. These local IC-monoids are used to study the local structure of an arbitrary IC-monoid \(M\), because every regular \({\mathcal J}\)-class \(J\) of \(M\), together with the group of units \(G\) of \(M\), provide us with an example of a local IC-monoid. The Graham blocks of the set \(E(J)\) of idempotents of \(J\) are determined. This is in terms of the parabolic subgroups \(P\), \(P^-\) associated to \(J\). Finally, the concept of an IC-monoid is generalized to that of a left IC-monoid, in order to include another important example; namely, the full transformation semigroup. Then the structure of a local left IC-monoid and its Graham blocks is determined.