Dirac spectral flow on contact three manifolds I: Eigensection estimates and spectral asymmetry (Q1689657)

Let \(Y\) be a compact oriented Riemannian 3-manifold. Then it has a natural \(\operatorname{Spin}^c\) structure induced from its frame bundle. Let \(S\) be the spinor bundle. The Levi-Civita connection and a unitary connection \(A\) on \(\det(S)\) together induce a unitary connection \(\nabla_A\) on \(S\). Let \(D_A\) be the corresponding Dirac operator. Given a real-valued 1-form \(a\), \(A-ira\) induces a Dirac operator \(D_{A-ira}\) for \(r\geq 0\). When \(r\) varies, the spectral flow from \(D_A\) to \(D_{A-ira}\) can be seen as a function of \(r\), which is denoted by \(f_a(A,r)\). In [Commun. Anal. Geom. 15, No. 3, 569--587 (2007; Zbl 1178.58009)], \textit{C. H. Taubes} calculated the leading term of the asymptotic expansion of this spectral flow and estimated the reminder terms, namely there exist \(\delta_\epsilon(0,1/2)\), \(c>0\) such that for any \(a\) with \(\|a\|_{C^3}\leq 1\) and \(r\) large enough, \[ \left|f_a(A,r)-\frac{r^2}{32\pi^2}\int_Y a\wedge da \right|\leq c r^{\frac{3}{2}+\delta}. \] In this paper, the author proves that if \(Y\) is a contact manifold and \(a\) is a contact form, the estimate of the reminder terms could be better: \[ \left|f_a(A,r)-\frac{r^2}{32\pi^2}\int_Y a\wedge da \right|\leq c r^{\frac{3}{2}}(\log r)^{-\frac{1}{2}}, \] for \(r\) large enough.