Splicing integer framed knot complements and bordered Heegaard Floer homology (Q1691976)

\textit{M. Hedden} and \textit{A. S. Levine} [J. Reine Angew. Math. 720, 129--154 (2016; Zbl 1365.57018)] showed that the homology \(3\)-sphere obtained by splicing the complements of nontrivial knots in homology sphere \(L\)-spaces is not an \(L\)-space. Here, a meridian of each side is glued to a preferred longitude of the other side. They used bordered Heegaard Floer homology and showed that the rank of the Heegaard Floer homology of the spliced manifold is at least two. The purpose of the present paper is to generalize this result to non-zero framings. More precisely, let \(K_i\) be a nontrivial knot in an \(L\)-space homology sphere with exterior \(X_i\) for \(i=1,2\). For any integers \(n_1\) and \(n_2\), let \(Y\) be the closed \(3\)-manifold obtained by gluing \(X_1\) and \(X_2\) via a gluing map sending a meridian of \(K_1\) to an \(n_2\)-framed longitude of \(K_2\) and an \(n_1\)-framed longitude of \(K_1\) to a meridian of \(K_2\). The main result claims that \(Y\) is an \(L\)-space if and only if all of the following conditions hold: (1) \(K_1\) and \(K_2\) are \(L\)-space knots (2) \(n_i\geq 2\tau(K_i)\) if \(\tau(K_i)>0\) and \(n_i\leq 2\tau(K_i)\) if \(\tau(K_i)<0\) (3) if \(\tau(K_1)\) and \(\tau(K_2)\) have the same sign, then \(n_1\neq 2\tau(K_1)\) or \(n_2\neq 2\tau(K_2)\). Here, \(\tau(K)\) denotes the Ozsváth-Szabó concordance invariant, and for an \(L\)-space knot \(K\), \(\tau(K)\) is equal to \(g(K)\) or \(-g(K)\). The if part is based on explicit computations of bordered Heegaard Floer homology. The only if part is broadly similar to the argument of Hedden and Levine [loc. cit.]. Certain generators in Heegaard Floer homology are found, and they have different \(\mathbb Z_2\)-gradings. This shows that the glued manifold is not an \(L\)-space.