The S.V.D. of the Poisson kernel (Q1691994)

Let \(\Omega\) denote a bounded, connected, open subset of \(\mathbb R^N, \) whose boundary \(\partial \Omega\) is the union of a finite number of disjoint closed Lipschitz surfaces, each surface having finite surface area. Let \(\sigma,d\sigma\) represent, respectively, Hausdorff \((N-1)\)-dimensional measure and integration with respect to this measure and \(\tilde{\sigma}(E)=(\sigma(\partial \Omega))^{-1} \sigma(E).\) Under a stronger assumption on \(\Omega,\) a maximal orthonormal set \(\{ w_j : j\geq 1\},\) in \(L^2(\partial\Omega,d\tilde{\sigma})\), is constructed. Let \(L^2_H (\Omega)\) be the harmonic Bergman space, and \(\gamma_H\) be the harmonic trace operator on \(L^2_H(\Omega)\). Given a function \(g=\sum_{j=1}^{\infty} \hat{g}_jw_j\in L^2(\partial\Omega,d\tilde{\sigma})\), the function \(\tilde{u}=E_H g\in L^2_H(\Omega)\) satisfying \(\gamma_H(\tilde{u})=g\) is given by the formula \[ E_H g(x)=\sqrt{|\partial\Omega|}\sum_{j=1}^{\infty}\frac{\hat{g}_j}{\sqrt{q_j}}h_j(x).\tag{1} \] Here, \(h_j=\Delta b_j\), where, for \(j\geq 1\), \(b_j\) and \(q_j\) are, respectively, the eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of a DBS (Dirichlet biharmonic Steklov) eigenproblem (Problem (5.2)). A comparison between (1) and the formula \[ E_H g(x)=\int_{\partial\Omega} P(x,z) g(z) \,d\sigma, \] where \(P:\Omega\times\partial\Omega\to [0,\infty]\) is the Poisson kernel, leads to an S.V.D (singular value decomposition) of \(P(x,z)\), in terms of \(w_j, b_j, h_j ,q_j\) (Theorem 7.2). Finite rank approximations \(P_M (x,z)\) of \(P(x,z)\) are presented with error estimates (Theorem 7.3). Section 8 is devoted to explicit spectral formulas for the normal derivatives of eigenfunctions for the Dirichlet Laplacian on \(\partial\Omega\). A comparison with previous results by \textit{A. Hassell} and \textit{T. Tao} [Math. Res. Lett. 9, No. 2--3, 289--305 (2002; Zbl 1014.58015)] is made.