A universal genus-two curve from Siegel modular forms (Q1692215)

Let \({\mathcal M}_2\) be the moduli space of genus-two curves and \(\eufb{p} \in {\mathcal M}_2(K)\), where \(K\) is the field of definition of \(\eufb{p}\). The paper under review extends a previous work of \textit{J.-F. Mestre} [Prog. Math. 94, 313--334 (1991; Zbl 0752.14027)], which shows how to construct equations for genus-two curves with authomorphism group of order 2 defined over \({\mathbb Q}\). It focuses on the construction of a genus-two curve \({\mathcal C}\) for any given point \(\eufb{p} = ({\mathbf x}_1, {\mathbf x}_2, {\mathbf x}_3) \in {\mathcal M}_2\), defined over a minimal field of definition, where \({\mathbf x}_1, {\mathbf x}_2, {\mathbf x}_3\) are ratios of modular forms as defined by Igusa. The main theorem is the following: For every point \(\eufb{p}\in {\mathcal M}_2\) such that \(\eufb{p}\in {\mathcal M}_2(K)\), where \(K\) is the field of moduli, there exists a genus-two curve \({\mathcal C}_{(\alpha,\beta)}\) given by \[ {\mathcal C}_{(\alpha,\beta)}: \;y^2 = \sum_{i=0}^6 a_i(\alpha,\beta)x^i\, , \] corresponding to \(\eufb{p}\) with coefficients \(a_i(\alpha,\beta)\) explicitly given. This curve is defined over the field of moduli \(K\) if and only if there exists a \(K\)-rational solution \((\alpha,\beta)\) to the quadratic equation \(\alpha^2+ b\beta^2 =c\), where \(b\) and \(c\) are given in terms of the moduli point \(\eufb{p}\).