Betti numbers of random nodal sets of elliptic pseudo-differential operators (Q1693280)

The authors study the number of the nodal sets of an elliptic operator \(P\) on a compact manifold \(M\). The analysis is very general, namely the authors consider an elliptic self-adjoint pseudo-differential operator \(P\) in any dimension \(n\). Consequently, the geometry of the nodal sets is described in terms of a given Morse function \(p:M\to\mathbb{R}\) and corresponding critical sets of index \(j=0,\dots, n-1\). For an eigenfunction \(f\) one then defines \(\mu_j(f)\) as the measure of the critical set of index \(j\). The main result of the authors is the asymptotics for \(\mathbb{E}(\mu_j)\), the mathematical expectation when considering eigenvalues below \(\lambda\), for \(\lambda\to\infty\). As example, the Laplace-Beltrami operator in \(M\) is considered. For the Dirichlet problem, results on nodal sets are given in the classical book of \textit{R. Courant} and \textit{B. Hilbert} [Methods of mathematical physics. Volume II: Partial differential equations. Transl. and rev. from the German Original. Reprint of the 1st Engl. ed. 1962. New York etc.: John Wiley \& Sons/Interscience Publishers (1989; Zbl 0729.35001); Methods of mathematical physics. Volume I. Transl. and rev. from the German Original. Reprint of the 1st Engl. ed. 1953. New York etc.: John Wiley \& Sons (1989; Zbl 0729.00007)].