Classification of Willmore two-spheres in the 5-dimensional sphere (Q1700288)

Willmore surfaces immersed in an \(n\)-dimensional real space form of constant sectional curvature \(c\) are critical surfaces with respect to the Willmore functional \[ \int\left(|H|^2-K+c\right)\text{d}A, \] where \(H\) is the mean curvature vector, \(K\) is the Gauss curvature and \(\text{d}A\) is the area element with respect to the induced metric. The paper under review deals with Wilmore surfaces in the 5-dimensional sphere \(S^5\). The authors prove the following classification result: Theorem. A Willmore 2-sphere \(y:S^2\to S^5\) is Möbius equivalent to one surface in either of the following three classes: {\parindent=0.7cm \begin{itemize}\item[1.] Super-conformal surfaces in \(S^4\) (coming from the twistor curves in \(\mathbb{C}P^3\)); \item[2.] Minimal surfaces in \(\mathbb{R}^5\) with genus \(0\) and embedded flat ends; \item[3.] Adjoint transforms of complete isotropic minimal surfaces of genus \(0\) in \(\mathbb{R}^5\). \end{itemize}} Moreover, different from the first two cases, surfaces of the third class are not S-Willmore, namely without a dual Willmore surface.