Stability of nonlinear wave patterns to the bipolar Vlasov-Poisson-Boltzmann system (Q1704117)

The authors of this paper investigate the nonlinear stability of viscous shock waves and rarefaction waves for the bipolar Vlasov-Poisson-Boltzmann (VPB) system, \(F_{At}+v\cdot\nabla_xF_A+\nabla_x\Pi\cdot\nabla_vF_A = Q(F_A,F_A)+Q(F_A,F_B)\), \(F_{Bt}+v\cdot\nabla_xF_B-\nabla_x\Pi\cdot\nabla_vF_B = Q(F_B,F_A)+Q(F_B,F_B)\), \(\triangle\Pi = \int{(F_A-F_B)dv}\), where \(v = (v_1 , v_2 , v_3 )\in\mathbb{R}^3\), \(x = (x_1 , x_2 , x_3 )\in\mathbb{R}^3\), \(t\in\mathbb{R}^{+}\) and \(F_A = F_A (t, x, v)\), \(F_B = F_B (t, x, v)\) are the density distribution function of two-species particles (for example ions and electrons) at time-space \((t, x)\) with velocity \(v\), and \(\Pi = \Pi (x, t)\) is the electric field potential. For the hard sphere model, the collision operator \(Q( f, g)\) takes a certain bilinear form. This investigation is focused on the nonlinear wave phenomena as well as the dynamical behavior of charged particles transported under the influence of the electrostatic potential force. If the electron's effect is neglected, the bipolar VPB system can be reduced to the unipolar VPB equations, \(F_{At}+v\cdot\nabla_xF_A+\nabla_x\Pi\cdot\nabla_vF_A = Q(F_A,F_A)\) and \(\triangle\Pi = \int{F_Adv}- \bar{\rho }(x)\), where \(\bar{\rho }(x)>0\) is a given function representing the background doping profile. Actually both the bipolar VPB system and unipolar VPB system can be viewed as the Boltzmann equations under the affect of the electrostatic potential force determined through the self-consistent Poisson equation related to the macroscopic density of charged particles. The bipolar VPB system can be reformulated by a simple transformation \(F_1=(F_A+F_B)/2\), \(F_1=(F_A-F_B)/2\). Then it is changed into the system (\(\ast \)) \( \;\;\) \(F_{1t}+v\cdot\nabla_xF_1+ \nabla_x\Pi\cdot\nabla_vF_2 = 2Q(F_1,F_1)\), \(F_{2t}+v\cdot\nabla_xF_2+\nabla_x\Pi\cdot\nabla_vF_1 = 2Q(F_1,F_2)\), \(\triangle\Pi = 2\int{F_2dv}\). The main result is that if the shock wave strength and the diffusion wave strength satisfy certain condition, that is an inequality, and the initial data is bounded above, then the Cauchy problem of the bipolar VPB system (\(\ast \)) admits a unique global solution. The time-asymptotic stability of the two typical nonlinear wave patterns, viscous shock waves and rarefaction waves for the \(1D\) bipolar VPB system is discussed as well.