Averaging and trajectories of a Hamiltonian system appearing in graphene placed in a strong magnetic field and a periodic potential (Q1708277)

Hamiltonian systems describing the classical motions of electrons and holes in graphene placed in a large constant magnetic field and an analytic potential are considered. The strong magnetic field introduces a first small parameter in the Hamiltonian function of the system and the above potential as periodic function of the mass introduces a second small parameter (small changing of the potential). Such a Hamiltonian system (and Hamiltonian functions) appear when one considers the stationary 2-dimensional Dirac equation for a vector function of two variables describing the quantum motion of electrons and holes in dimensionless variables. As a matter of fact the Hamiltonians describing the classical motions are the eigenvalues of an operator given in the form of a \(2\times 2\)-matrix and applied to the mentioned vector function of two variables. The main goal of the paper is the construction of asymptotic eigenvalues and eigenfunctions (quasimodes) of the operator within the framework of the semiclassical approximations. A similar situation was already considered by the authors in several earlier papers. The Hamiltonian systems considered are not integrable. Nevertheless, the above operator, as well as the classical Hamiltonians, include small parameters, which allow one to average and reduce the initial Hamiltonian system to an integrable one. After this, one can use the geometrical topological properties of integrable systems to describe the trajectories of the corresponding Hamiltonian systems.