The vanishing conjecture for maps of Tor and derived splinters (Q1708553)

A theorem of Hochster and Huneke says that if \(A\) is an equal characteristic regular domain, \(R\) is a module-finite and torsion-free extension of \(A\) and \(R \rightarrow S\) is any homomorphism from \(R\) to a regular ring \(S\) then for every \(A\)-module \(M\) and every \(i \geq 1\), the map \(\mathrm{Tor}_i^A (M,R) \rightarrow \mathrm{Tor}_i^A(M,S)\) vanishes. They conjectured that it also holds in mixed characteristic. This has become known as the \textit{vanishing conjecture for vanishing of Tor}, and it implies other well-known conjectures. Extending this, the author says that an excellent local domain \((S,\mathfrak n)\) \textit{satisfies the vanishing conditions for maps of Tor} if, for every \(A \rightarrow R \rightarrow S\) with \(A\) regular and \(A \rightarrow R\) a module-finite torsion-free extension, and every \(A\)-module \(M\), the map \(\mathrm{Tor}_i^A (M,R) \rightarrow \mathrm{Tor}_i^A(M,S)\) vanishes for every \(i \geq 1\). The main result of this paper is that in equal characteristic, rings that satisfy the vanishing conditions for maps of Tor are exactly \textit{derived splinters} in the sense of a paper of Bhatt. The author also shows that an equivalent condition is that for every regular local ring \(A\) with \(S = A/P\) and every module-finite torsion-free extension \(A \rightarrow B\) with \(Q \in \mathrm{Spec } B\) lying over \(P\), the map \(P \rightarrow Q\) splits as a map of \(A\)-modules. The author concludes with a corollary that characterizes rational singularities in terms of splittings in module-finite extensions.