Systems that generate solutions with a small period (Q1709495)

Let \((j_1,\dots, j_n)\) be any permutation of \((1,\dots, n)\). Consider the nonautonomous system \[ {dx_i\over dt}= f_i(x_{j_i})+ h_i(t,x_1,\dots, x_n),\quad 1\leq i\leq n\tag{\(*\)} \] under the following conditions (i) \(f_i(\mathbb{R})= \mathbb{R}\), \(f_i\) is continuous; (ii) \(h_i:\mathbb{R}\times\mathbb{R}^n\to \mathbb{R}\) is continuous, \(\omega\)-periodic in the first variable and satisfies \(|h_i(t, x_1,\dots, x_n)|\) \(\leq M\). The authors prove that under the assumptions (i) and (ii) there is a sufficiently small number \(\omega_0= \omega_0(M)\) such that \((*)\) has a \(\omega\)-periodic solution for all \(\omega\leq\omega_0(M)\). This result generalizes results due to \textit{G. Seifert} [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 10, 396--398 (1959; Zbl 0091.26601)] and \textit{Z. Opial} [Bull. Acad. Pol. Sci., Sér. Sci. Math. Astron. Phys. 8, 151--156 (1960; Zbl 0134.07202)].