Sarnak's conjecture: what's new (Q1710476)

Peter Sarnak conjectured in 2010 that each zero entropy continuous map \(T\) of a compact metric space \(X\) is Möbius disjoint, which means that \[ \lim_{N\to\infty} \frac{1}{N} \sum_{n\le N} f(T^n x) \mu(n) = 0 \quad \mbox{for each}\ f \in C(X)\ \mbox{and}\ x \in X, \] where \(\mu(n)\) denotes the Möbius function. The present article gives an overview of the research on this conjecture (until 2017), mainly from the ergodic theory point of view. The authors start with the almost everywhere version of Sarnak's conjecture and relations to the Prime Number Theorem, give a brief introduction to multiplicative functions and the Kátai--Bourgain-Sarnak-Ziegler criterion, present results of \textit{K. Matomäki} and \textit{M. Radziwiłł} [Ann. Math. (2) 183, No. 3, 1015--1056 (2016; Zbl 1339.11084)] and \textit{T. Tao} [Forum Math. Pi 4, Article ID e8, 36 p. (2016; Zbl 1383.11116)] on multiplicative functions and some of their ergodic interpretations, the (logarithmic) Chowla conjecture and logarithmic Sarnak conjecture, Frantzikinakis' theorem on some consequences of ergodicity of measures for which \(\mu\) is quasi-generic, and give ergodic criteria for Sarnak's conjecture, the AOP (Asymptotically Orthogonal Powers) and MOMO (Möbius Orthogonality of Moving Orbits) properties. Sarnak's conjecture has been proven for systems of algebraic origin (horocycle flows, nilflows), systems of measure-theoretic origin (finite rank systems, distal systems), interval exchange transformations, and systems of number-theoretic origin (automatic sequences and related). The authors conclude with related research on \(B\)-free systems and applications to ergodic Ramsey theory. For the entire collection see [Zbl 1397.37007].