Convolution operators in discrete Cesàro spaces (Q1710703)

The paper concerns the discrete Cesàro spaces \(\mathrm{ces}(p)\) which is the solid extension on \(\ell^p\) of the discrete Cesàro operator \(a\mapsto C(a)=\big(\frac{1}{n+1}\sum_{k=0}^n a_k\big)_{n\ge0}\). The operator \(C\) is bounded from \(\ell^p\) into itself with norm \(p'\) (this is exactly the statement of the classical Hardy inequality), where \(p\in(1,\infty)\) and \(p'\) is its conjugate exponent. We actually have \[ \mathrm{ces}(p)=\big\{a\in{\mathbb C}^{\mathbb N}\, |\; C(|a|)\in\ell^p\big\}. \] It is equipped with the norm \(\displaystyle\|a\|_{\mathrm{ces}(p)}=\|C(|a|)\|_{\ell^p}\) and we clearly have \(\ell^p\subset \mathrm{ces}(p)\). The fact (due to Benett) that \(a\in \mathrm{ces}(p)\) if and only if \(C(|a|)\in \mathrm{ces}(p)\), implies that \(C\) defines a bounded operator on \(\mathrm{ces}(p)\). The aim of this paper is to investigate the spectrum of the convolution operator \(T_b\): \(a\mapsto a\ast b=\big(\sum_{j=0}^n a_j b_{n-j}\big)_{n\ge0}\), viewed on the space \(\mathrm{ces}(p)\), where \(b\in{\mathbb C}^{\mathbb N}\). Actually it was proved by \textit{G. P. Curbera} and \textit{W. J. Ricker} [Integral Equations Oper. Theory 80, No. 1, 61--77 (2014; Zbl 1317.47031)] that \(T_b\) defines a bounded operator from \(\mathrm{ces}(p)\) into itself if and only if \(b\in\ell^1\), in which case \(\|T_b\|=\|b\|_{\ell^1}\). The main result of the paper (Theorem 2) states that, given \(b\in\ell^1\), the spectrum \(\sigma(T_b)=\varphi_b\big(\overline{\mathbb D}\big)\), where \(\varphi_b(z)=\sum_{n\ge0} b_nz^n\). The proof of this nice characterization involves, among other things, the following crucial remark: \(T_b=\sum b_nS_p^n\) where \(S_p\) is the right-shift operator on \(\mathrm{ces}(p)\), and Prop.6. describes the spectrum of \(S_p\): \(\sigma(S_p)=\overline{{\mathbb D}}\) (and clearly its point spectrum is empty). The last part of the paper is devoted to some consequences. A first one is Cor. 8 which states that, for any non-trivial \(b\in\ell^1\), the operator \(T_b\) fails to be compact. Then the author investigates other applications in terms of mean ergodicity in Prop.9. In particular, \(T_b\) is uniformly mean ergodic if and only if \((b^n)_{n\ge0}\) is Cesàro convergent in \(\ell^1\). Let us mention too the very last result (Proposition 11): for any \(b\in\ell^1\), the operator \(T_b\) is not supercylic, hence not hypercylic.