Inequalities for moduli of smoothness of functions and their Liouville-Weyl derivatives (Q1714954)

If \(\frac{a_0}{2}+\sum_{\nu\geq1} (a_\nu \cos \nu x+b_\nu\sin \nu x)\) is the Fourier series of a function \(f\in L_p([0,2\pi])\), then the Liouville-Weyl derivative is defined as the function \(f^{(\lambda,\beta)}\) whose Fourier series is \(\sum_{\nu\geq1} \lambda_\nu ((a_\nu \cos (\nu x+\frac{\pi\beta}{2})+b_\nu\sin (\nu x+\frac{\pi\beta}{2}))\) with \(\lambda=\{\lambda_n\}\) a sequence of positive numbers, assuming the series converges. For \(\lambda_n=n^\rho\) and \(\beta=\rho\geq0\), \(f^{(\lambda,\beta)}\) is denoted as \(f^{(\rho)}\). Note \(f^{(0)}=f\). In previous work, namely \textit{B. V. Simonov} and \textit{S. Yu. Tikhonov} [Sb. Math. 199, No. 9, 1367--1407 (2008; Zbl 1172.46023); translation from Mat. Sb. 199, No. 9, 107--148 (2008)] and \textit{A. Jumabayeva} [Anal. Math. 43, No. 2, 279--302 (2017; Zbl 1399.41018)] the authors derived for \(p=1,\infty\) and under technical conditions Ul'yanov inequalities for the modulus of smoothness \(\omega_\alpha(f^{(\lambda,\beta)},\eta_n)_p\), \(\eta_n\to0\) (this means bounding the latter in terms of combinations of other \(\omega_{\alpha'}(f,\eta'_n)_{p'}\)). See also \textit{S. Tikhonov} and \textit{W. Trebels} [Proc. R. Soc. Edinb., Sect. A, Math. 141, No. 1, 205--224 (2011; Zbl 1213.26010)]. In this paper the Ul'yanov inequalities are improved by two theorems that are relaxing on the conditions for \(\lambda\). The first theorem concerns \(p=1\) or \(p=\infty\) with \(f\) and \(f^{(\lambda,\beta)}\) in \(L_p\) and it is assumed that \(\{\Delta \lambda_n\}\) and \(\{\Delta \frac{\lambda_n}{n^\rho}\}\) are generalized monotone (GM) (\(\{\gamma_n\}\in GM\) means that \(\sum_{k=n}^{2n}| \Delta \gamma_n| \leq C| \gamma_n| \), where \(\Delta \gamma_n=\gamma_n-\gamma_{n+1}\), \(n\in\mathbb{Z}\)). A second theorem bounds the modulus of smoothness for \(f^{(\lambda,\beta)}\in L_\infty\) given \(f\in L_1\) assuming that now also \(\{\lambda_n\}\in GM\). Particular cases for \(f^{(\rho)}\) also recover or improve known results.