A unified approach of blow-up phenomena for two-dimensional singular Liouville systems (Q1725571)

Summary: We consider generic \(2\times 2\) singular Liouville systems \[ \begin{cases}-\Delta u_1=2\lambda_1 \,e^{u_1}-a\lambda_2 \,e^{u_2}-2\pi (\alpha_1-2)\delta_0 \quad \text{in }\Omega, \\ -\Delta u_2=2\lambda_2 \,e^{u_2}-b\lambda_1 \,e^{u_1}-2\pi (\alpha_2-2)\delta_0\quad \text{in }\Omega,\\ u_1=u_2=0 \quad \text{on }\partial\Omega,\end{cases}\tag{\(\star\)} \] where \(\Omega \ni 0\) is a smooth bounded domain in \(\mathbb R^2\) possibly having some symmetry with respect to the origin, \(\delta_0\) is the Dirac mass at \(0,\) \(\lambda_1,\lambda_2\) are small positive parameters and \(a,b,\alpha_1,\alpha_2 0\). We construct a family of solutions to \((\star)\) which blow up at the origin as \(\lambda_1 \rightarrow 0\) and \(\lambda_2 \rightarrow 0 \) and whose local mass at the origin is a given quantity depending on \(a,b,\alpha_1,\alpha_2\). \par In particular, if \(ab 4\) we get finitely many possible blow-up values of the local mass, whereas if \(ab \geq 4\) we get infinitely many. The blow-up values are produced using an explicit formula which involves Chebyshev polynomials.