Weierstrass weight of the hyperosculating points of generalized Fermat curves (Q1730860)

Let $S$ be a closed Riemann surface. $S$ is called a generalized Fermat curve of type $(k,n)$, with $k,n \geq 2$, if it has a group $H \approx \mathbb{Z}_n^k$ of conformal automorphisms such that $S/H$ has genus $0$ and $n+1$ conical points, all of them of order $k$. Then $H$ and $(S,H)$ are called a generalized Fermat group and a generalized Fermat pair, of type $(k,n)$. The case $n = 2$ corresponds to classical Fermat curves. When $(k-1)(n-1) > 2$, a generalized Fermat curve of type $(k,n)$ has a unique generalized Fermat group of type $(k,n)$. \par The aim of the present paper is to study the weights of the hyperosculating points of the standard embedding of $S$, which are the Weierstrass points of $S$. The main result is Theorem 11, according to which, if $p$ is such a point, then its Weierstrass weight $w(p) \geq \frac{1}{24} (k-1)(k^{n-1}-2)(k^n + k^{n-1} - 12)$. For classic Fermat curves the equality holds, as well as for a dense open subset of the moduli space of generalized curves. However, Example 14 shows a generalized Fermat curve of type $(5,3)$ and a Weierstrass point $p$, for which $w(p)$ is strictly bigger than the bound in Theorem 11. \par The paper is very clearly written.