Nonautonomous nonlinear ODEs: nonresonance conditions and rotation numbers (Q1733799)

The authors deal with scalar, second-order and $T$-periodic ODEs \[ x''+f(t,x)=0,\tag{$*$} \] whose nonlinearity $f$ is supposed to behave linearly as $x\to 0$ resp. $|x|\to\infty$. It is shown that imposing a Landesman-Lazer condition at these limit points, results in a rotational effect on the winding number of ``small'' resp. ``large'' solutions of $(*)$. Then, using the Poincaré-Birkhoff fixed point theorem, previous multiplicity results on $T$-periodic solutions are extended to the resonant case (w.r.t. the linearizations at $0$ resp. $\infty$).