Finite-rank approximations of spectral zeta residues (Q1737034)

All residues of spectral zeta functions of elliptic operators are expressed as regularized sums over the spectrum (Theorem 1, Corollary 1). As consequences, explicit formulas of first two residues are obtained (Corollaries 2 and 3). \par Precisely, this paper treats with a spectrally elliptic operator $\Delta$, which is positive, invertible, unbounded with compact resolvent, and its heat trace $\operatorname{tr}e^{-t\Delta}$ admits an asymptotic expansion $\sum_{i=0}^\infty c_it^{s_i}$, as $t\to 0^+$ (Definition 1). Here the $s_i$ are decreasingly ordered reals. $\Pi=\{s_i\}$ is called the heat spectrum of $\Delta$. $\mathcal{D}(\{s_i\}_{i=0}^k)$ denote the set of all spectrally elliptic operator $\Delta$ whose heat trace admits an asymptotic expansion $\sum_{i=0}^kc_it^{-s_i}+O(t^{-s_k+1}). t\to 0^+$ (Definition 2). \par Let $\sigma(\Delta)$ be the set of spectrum of $\Delta$, and let $F$ be a Borel measurable function. Then set \[ \operatorname{tr}_\Lambda F(\Delta)=\sum_{\Lambda>\lambda\in\sigma(\Delta)} F(\lambda), \] the main results of this paper are \par Theorem 1. For any finite set $\{s_i\}_{i=0}^k$ of decreasingly ordered reals, there exists a function such that for all $\Delta\in\mathcal{D}(\{s_i\}_{i=0}^k)$, \[ \mathrm{rss}_{s=s_k}\zeta(\Delta,s)\Gamma(s)=\lim_{\Lambda\to \infty}\epsilon(\Lambda)^{s_k}\operatorname{tr}_\Lambda F(\Delta\epsilon(\Lambda)). \] Here, $\epsilon(\Lambda)=m\log\Lambda/\Lambda$ for any $m>s_0-s_k$ \par Corollary 1. Let $\{\Lambda_j\}$ be any sequence of finite-rank positive operator of $\|\Delta_j\|=\Lambda_j$ such that as $j\to\infty$, $\Lambda_j\to\infty$ and $\operatorname{tr}_{\Lambda_j}F(\Delta\epsilon(\Lambda_j))-\operatorname{tr}F(\Delta_j\epsilon(\Lambda_j))=o((\epsilon(\Lambda_j)^{-s_k})$, then \[ \operatorname{res}_{s=s_k}\zeta(\Delta,s)\Gamma(s)=\lim_{j\to\infty}\epsilon(|\Lambda_j)^{s_k}\operatorname{tr}F(\Delta_j\epsilon\Lambda_j)). \] \par Theorem 1 is proved showing $\int_0^\infty\operatorname{tr}e^{-\epsilon t\Delta}f(t)dt=c_k\epsilon^{-s_k}+O(s^{-s_k+1}$ for suitable $f$ and Laplace transform $\operatorname{tr}F(\epsilon\Delta)$ of $f$ satisfies $\operatorname{tr}_\Lambda F(\Delta\epsilon)\Lambda)^{-s_k}+O(\epsilon^{-s_k+1})$ (\S2.1, Proposition 1 and Proposition 2). \par Using Theorem 1 and Corollary 1, explicit forms of the first residue of $\zeta(\Delta,s)$ (Corollary 2) and the second residue of $\zeta(\Delta,s)$ when the heat spectrum is $\{s_0, s_0-1,\dots\}$ (Corollary 3) are obtained. As an application, taking $F(s)=\dfrac{\exp(-s)}{1+s}-\dfrac{2\exp(1-2s)}{1+2s}$, the total scalar curvature of $S''$ is computed. The author remarks this calculation and localization (calculation of $\operatorname{res}\Gamma(s)\operatorname{tr}h\Delta^{-1}$, where $h$ is a continuous section of $\mathrm{End}E$, $\Delta$ acts on sections of $E$, computed in \S3 Theorem 2), may be applied to obtain a reasonable definition of scalar curvature in finite-dimensional noncommutative geometry (\S4, Remark 5). \par Before the main results are explained, previous background results on spectral zeta residue and zeta residue as a resummation of the spectrum are reviewed in \S1.