The spectral side of stable local trace formula (Q1740283)

The authors provide an expansion for the spectral side of the stable local trace formula \[ S_{\mathrm{disc}}^G(f) = S_{}^G(f) \] for a connected quasi-split real reductive group $G$, or more generally, a quasi-split $K$-group over $\mathbb{R}$. The right hand side of the formula is the geometric side which can be expanded in terms of stable orbital integrals. The authors prove that the left hand side, the spectral side, can be expanded in terms of Langlands parameters $\phi \in \Phi_{\text{s-disc}}(G)$. The expansion takes the form \[ \int_{\Phi_{\text{s-disc}}(G)} s^G(\phi)f^G(\phi) d\phi \] for certain explicitly computed coefficients $s^G(\phi)$. The proof is given by induction on the stabilization of the spectral side of the invariant local trace formula \[ I^G_{\mathrm{disc}}(f) = \sum_{G'} \iota(G,G') \widehat{S}_{\mathrm{disc}}^{G'}(f^{G'}), \] where $G'$ ranges over $\widehat{G}$-equivalence classes of elliptic endoscopic data, and $\iota(G,G')$ are certain explicit coefficients. Note that the stable trace $S_{\mathrm{disc}}^G(f)$ appears as the summand with $G'=G$, so that, by induction on $\dim G'$, it is enough to derive an expansion for $I^G_{\mathrm{disc}}(f)$. Traditionally, it is expanded as a sum over tempered representations $\tau\in T_{\mathrm{disc}}(G)$, i.e., \[ I_{\mathrm{disc}}^G(f) = \int_{T_{\mathrm{disc}}(G)} i^G(\tau) f_G(\tau) d\tau. \] This was once transformed into another expansion in terms of certain formal parameters by \textit{J. Arthur} [Ann. Math. (2) 158, No. 3, 769--873 (2003; Zbl 1051.11027)], with inexplicit coefficients. In the technical part of the paper, Sections 5--7, the authors show that, using the spectral transfer factors \[ \Delta(\tau,\phi) \] defined by \textit{D. Shelstad} [Contemp. Math. 472, 215--246 (2008; Zbl 1157.22008)], we can transform the above expansion for $I_{\mathrm{disc}}^G(f)$ in terms of actual Langlands parameters rather than the formal ones.