Coupling of symmetric operators and the third Green identity (Q1743799)

For a bounded Lipschitz domain \(\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^n\), a special case of Green's third identity is a representation of a function \(u\in H^2(\Omega )\) as a sum of an integral over \(\mathbb{R}^n\) and two integrals over \(\partial \Omega \) involving the resolvent and the fundamental solution of the Laplacian on \(\mathbb{R}^n\) and the restriction and the normal derivative on \(\partial \Omega \). With \(\Omega _+=\Omega \), \(\Omega _-=\mathbb{R}^n\setminus \overline{\Omega } \), Green's third identity can be written in \(L^2(\Omega _+)\oplus L^2(\Omega _-)\simeq L^2(\mathbb{R}^n)\) applied to \(u=(u_+,u_-)\), \(u_\pm\in H^2(\Omega _\pm)\) with boundary terms in \(\partial \Omega _\pm\). Writing \(L^2(\Omega _\pm)\) and \(L^2(\partial \Omega _\pm)\) as Hilbert spaces \(\mathfrak{H}\) and \(\mathcal{H}\) and the restriction maps and normal derivatives from \(\Omega _\pm\) to \(\partial \Omega _\pm\) as operators \(\Gamma _0^\pm\) and \(\Gamma _1^\pm\) from \(\mathfrak{H}\) to \(\mathcal{H}\), \((\mathcal{H},\Gamma _0^+,\Gamma _0^+)\) and \((\mathcal{H},\Gamma _0^-,\Gamma _0^-)\) are generalized boundary triples as defined in [\textit{J. Behrndt} and \textit{M. Langer}, J. Funct. Anal. 243, No. 2, 536--565 (2007; Zbl 1132.47038)]. The main result of the paper is a very interesting abstract version of Green's third theorem for pairs of generalized boundary triples associated with certain operators in a Hilbert space. The assumptions, notations and results are too lengthy to be given here. As an application, Green's third theorem is obtained for Schrödinger operators on Lipschitz domains on manifolds.