\(\beta\)-admissibility of observation operators for hypercontractive semigroups (Q1745971)

Let \(\mathcal{Y}\) be a Hilbert space and let \(L^2_\beta((0,\infty);\mathcal{Y})\) be the space of measurable functions \(f:(0,\infty)\to \mathcal{Y}\) such that \(\|f\|^2_{\beta}=\int_0^\infty \|f(t)\|^2t^\beta dt<\infty\). Let \(A\) be the generator of a strongly continuous semigroup \((T(t))_{t\geq 0}\) on a Hilbert space \(\mathcal{H}\) and let \(C\) be a bounded linear operator from \(D(A)\) to \(\mathcal{Y}\), where \(D(A)\) is the domain of \(A\) equiped with the graph topology. The infinite-dimensional observation system \[ \dot{x}(t)=Ax(t),\quad y(t)=Cx(t),\quad t\geq 0,\qquad x(0)=x_0 \] is well posed with respect to the output space \(L^2_\beta((0,\infty);\mathcal{Y})\) if \(C\) is a \(\beta\)-admissible observation operator for \(A\), that is, there exists \(M>0\) such that \[ \|CT(\cdot)x_0\|_{L^2_\beta((0,\infty);\mathcal{Y})}\leq M\|x_0\|_\mathcal{H},\quad x_0\in D(A). \] It is well known that the \(\beta\)-admissibility implies the resolvent condition \[ \sup_{\text{Re}\, \lambda>0}\,(\text{Re}\, \lambda )^{\frac{1+\beta}2} \|C(\lambda-A)^{-1-\beta}\|<\infty. \] Whether or not the converse implication holds is commonly referred to as weighted Weiss conjecture. One of the main results of this paper proves that if \((T(t))_{t\geq 0}\) is a contraction semigroup on \(\mathcal{H}\) such that the adjoint of the cogenerator \(T^*\) is \(\gamma\)-hypercontractive for some \(\gamma>1\), then the Weiss conjecture holds for \(\beta>0\). The authors also give a version of the Weiss conjecture for discrete-time linear systems \[ x_{n+1}=Tx_n+E u_{n+1}, \quad y_n=Fx_n,\quad x_n\in \mathcal{H},\,\,u_n\in \mathcal{U},\,\, y_n\in \mathcal{Y}, \] where \(\mathcal{H}, \mathcal{U}\) and \(\mathcal{Y}\) are Hilbert spaces and \(T\in L(\mathcal{H})\), \(E\in L(\mathcal{U},\mathcal{H})\) and \(F\in L(\mathcal{H},\mathcal{Y})\).