On multivalued Duffing equation (Q1746655)

The authors consider boundary value problems for a Duffing-type differential equation with multivalued terms. Two problems are investigated: The first problem is to find \(x \in W^{2,1}\bigl((0,1)\bigr) \cap H^1_0\bigl((0,1)\bigr)\) such that \[ -x'' - r(t)x' + N_1(t,x) \ni f(t) \quad \text{a.e. t} \in (0,1), \\ \quad x(0) = x(1)= 0, \] and the second problem is to find \(x \in W^{2,1}\bigl((0,1)\bigr)\cap \{v \in H^1\bigl((0,1)\bigr) | v(0) =0\}\) such that \[ -x'' - r(t)x' = f(t) \quad \text{a.e. }t \in (0,1), \\ x(0) = 0, \quad -x'(1) \in N_2(x(1)), \] where \(r\), \(f\) are single-valued mappings, \(N_1\) and \(N_2\) are multivalued mappings. The existence of solutions to these problems is investigated. The obtained assumptions on the nonlinearities allow even cubic growth. The solutions are obtained via the Kakutani-Ky Fan-Glicksberg theorem as a fixed point of certain multivalued operators.