Affinizations and R-matrices for quiver Hecke algebras (Q1751615)

The notion of quiver Hecke algebras (or Khovanov-Lauda-Rouquier algebras) has played an important role in the theory of categorification as it decategorifies to the negative half of the quantum groups. When a quiver Hecke algebra \(R(\beta)\) is symmetric, it enjoys favorable properties, including: \begin{itemize} \item[1.] There exists so-called R-matrices, which are special (non-graded) homomorphisms of the form \[ R_{M_{z}, N_{z'}}: M_{z} \circ N_{z'} \to N_{z'} \circ M_{z} \] between the two convolution products of the affinizations \(M_{z}\) and \(N_{z'}\) of \(R(\beta)\)-modules \(M\) and \(N\) with respect to spectral parameters \(z\) and \(z'\), respectively. \item[2.] There exists a quantum affine Schur-Weyl functor between graded module categories, for a set \(J\) of datum. \[ \mathfrak{F}: \text{Mod}_{gr}(R^J(\beta)) \to \text{Mod}_{gr}(U'_q(\mathfrak{g})). \] \end{itemize} In this paper, the authors have introduced the notion of affinizations and R-matrices for an arbitrary quiver Hecke algebra. By an affinization of a simple \(R(\beta)\)-module \(\overline{M}\) they now mean a certain pair \((M,z)\) of an \(R(\beta)\)-module \(M\) and an endomorphism \(z:M\to M\) such that \(M/z(M) \simeq \overline{M}\); while an R-matrix for an arbitrary quiver Hecke algebra is now a special homomorphism \[ r_{\overline{M}, N}: \overline{M} \circ N \to N \circ \overline{M}. \] In Proposition~2.10 it is proved that \(r_{\overline{M}, N}\) has similar properties to R-matrices for symmetric quiver Hecke algebras. Inspired by the quantum affine Schur-Weyl functor, the authors further construct a duality functor \[ \mathfrak{F}^{\mathcal{D}}: \text{Mod}_{gr}(R(\beta)^\mathcal{D}) \to \text{Mod}_{gr}(R(\beta)^\mathcal{D}) \] between graded module categories of two (possibly of distinct types) quiver Hecke algebras \(R(\beta)\) and \(R(\beta)^{\mathcal{D}}\), where \(\mathcal{D}\) is the so called duality datum. It is proved in Theorem~4.3 that \(\mathfrak{F}^{\mathcal{D}}\) is a tensor functor sending finite dimensional modules to finite dimensional modules, and is exact if \(R(\beta)^\mathcal{D}\) is of finite type. In the final sections, the authors provide examples when \((R(\beta), R(\beta)^\mathcal{D})\) is of the following types: \((D_\ell, A_\ell)\), \((C_\ell, A_\ell)\), \((B_{\ell-1}, B_\ell)\) and \((A_{\ell-1}, B_\ell)\).