Mordell-Weil lattice of Inose's elliptic \(K3\) surface arising from the product of 3-isogenous elliptic curves (Q1753832)

Let \(\text{Km}(E_1\times E_2)\) be the Kummer surface with the product of two elliptic curves \(E_1\) and \(E_2\). Let \(\mathcal{E}\) be a double cover of \(\text{Km}(E_1\times E_2)\) with a Shioda-Inose structure. \(\mathcal{E}\) is an elliptic \(K3\) surface with two singular fibers of type \(II^*\). \(\mathcal{E}\), as an elliptic \(K3\) surface with two \(II^*\) fibers, is denoted by \(F_{E_1,E_2}^{(1)}\). The paper under review addresses the following problem: Given an isogeny \(\varphi\in\text{Hom}(E_1, E_2)\) defined over \(k\) and the Weierstrass equation of \(F_{E_1,E_2}^{(1)}\), write down the coordinates of the section corresponding to \(\varphi\). This paper considers a family of the pairs of elliptic curves \(E_1\) and \(E_2\) with an isogeny \(\varphi: E_1\to E_2\) of degree \(3\) defined over \(k\), and write down a formula of the section of \(F_{E_1,E_2}^{(1)}\) coming from \(\varphi\) over \(k\). For an integer \(1\leq n\leq 6\), the elliptic surface \(F_{E_1,E_2}^{(n)}\) over \(k\) is defined by the affine equation \(Y^2=X^3-\frac{1}{3}AX+\frac{1}{64}(\Delta_{E_1}s^n+B+\Delta_{E_2}/s^n)\) where \(A, B, \Delta_{E_1}\) and \(\Delta_{E_2}\) are constants depending on the defining equations of \(E_1\) and \(E_2\). The idea of finding a formula of the section of \(F_{E_1,E_2}^{(1)}\) is first to work with the surface \(F_{E_1,E_2}^{(6)}\), which has a simple affine model that can be viewed as a family of cubic curves with a rational point over \(k\), and then find sections of \(F_{E_1,E_2}^{(1)}\). Also a section of \(F_{E_1,E_2}^{(2)}\) is presented, which comes from the isogeny \(\varphi\). Some examples of singular \(K3\) surfaces are discussed in detail. In particular, a basis of the Mordell-Weil lattice of the surface \(F_{E_1, E_2}^{(1)}\) is determined as well as that of \(F_{E_1, E_2}^{(2)}\) for the singular \(K3\) surfaces \(X_{[3,3,3]},\, X_{[3,2,3]},\, X_{[3,0,3]}\). (Here \([a,b,c]\) denotes the quadratic form \(ax^2+bxy+cy^2\).)