Euler's inequality in absolute geometry (Q1754390)

In the article under review, the authors prove two theorems in Hilbert's absolute geometry (which includes Euclidean, elliptic and hyperbolic geometry): (i) of all triangles inscribed in a circle, the equilateral one has the greatest area (Theorem 2 in the article); (ii) of all triangles inscribed in a circle, the equilateral one has the greatest radius of the inscribed circle (Theorem 1 in the article), which amounts in the Euclidean case to Euler's inequality \(R \geq 2r\), where \(R\) and \(r\) are the circumradius and inradius of the triangle respectively. As the authors remark in the article, care must be taken when generalizing the statement of Euler's inequality to absolute geometry. For instance, a hyperbolic triangle may not even have a circumscribed circle. Even if such triangles are ruled out, the inequality \(R \geq 2r\) does not hold in general in absolute geometry. The author's proposed generalization (Theorem 1 in the article) is on the other hand a suitable one. The proofs are broken into a number of lemmas, and the authors provide figures to help the reader follow the arguments. The proofs are carefully and well written.