The extended rational homotopy theory of operads (Q1755865)

Thanks to \textit{D. Sullivan}'s theory [Publ. Math., Inst. Hautes Étud. Sci. 47, 269--331 (1977; Zbl 0374.57002)], the rational homotopy type of a (connected, nilpotent, finite-type) simplicial set $X$ is encoded the quasi-isomorphism type of the commutative differential-graded algebra (CDGA) of piecewise polynomial form $\Omega^*(X)$. In his previous work [Homotopy of operads and Grothendieck-Teichmüller groups. Part 2: The applications of (rational) homotopy theory methods. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society (AMS) (2017; Zbl 1375.55007)], the author showed that a similar result holds for reduced simplicial $\Lambda$-operads $\mathtt{P}$ satisfying $\mathtt{P}(1) = *$. More precisely, he showed that the rational homotopy type of $\mathtt{P}$ is encoded by a certain Hopf cooperad (i.e. a cooperad in the category of CDGAs) $\Omega^*_\sharp(\mathtt{P})$, an operadic upgrade of Sullivan's functor obtained as the right adjoint of the realization functor. Moreover, he built a model structure on simplicial operads and Hopf cooperads, and showed that $\Omega^*_\sharp$ was part of a Quillen adjunction. These constructions were used to obtain results about the homotopy automorphisms of the little disks operad $\mathtt{D}_2$. \par In this article, the author extends the theory to operads which do not necessarily satisfy $\mathtt{P}(1) = *$. For this, the author considers conilpotent Hopf cooperads, i.e. those such that the cocomposition product of a given element vanishes after enough applications. (This condition is automatically satisfied for reduced Hopf cooperads.) The author shows that the operadic upgrade of Sullivan's functor stills exists, that the model structure extends to this category, and that the rational homotopy type of an operad $\mathtt{P}$ is indeed encoded by $\Omega^*_\sharp$. This enables him to obtain results about the framed little disks operad $\mathtt{D}_n^{fr}$ which satisfies $\mathtt{D}_n^{fr}(1) = \mathrm{SO}(n)$. The main difficulty resides in showing that $\Omega^*_\sharp(\mathtt{P})(r) \simeq \Omega^*(\mathtt{P}(r))$ for cofibrant $\mathtt{P}$: for reduced operads this followed from checking the proposition for free operads, but in the case of unreduced operads, the arity one component may be disconnected and the proof fails. The author uses the James construction instead of the free operad to solve this issue.