Rigid dualizing complexes (Q1758766)

Let \(X\) be a noetherian separated scheme and \(D^b(X)\) be the bounded derived category of coherent sheaves on \(X\). A dualizing complex is an object \(\mathcal{J} \in D^b(X)\) with the property that the functor \(R\underline{\Hom}(-,\mathcal{J})\) from \(D^b(X)^{\text{op}}\) to \(D^b(X)\) is an equivalence of categories. The paper under review is a survey on the recent progress concerning dualizing complexes. In Section 2 some classical results are recalled. For instance, if \(f: X\rightarrow Y\) is a finite type morphism of noetherian separated schemes and \(Y\) is Gorenstein, that is, the structure sheaf \(\mathcal{O}_Y\) is a dualizing complex, then \(\mathcal{J}=f^!\mathcal{O}_Y\) is a dualizing complex on \(X\). Here, one uses the factorization \(f=g\circ h\) with \(g\) an open immersion and \(h\) proper, and then defines \(f^!\) to be the composition \(g^*\circ h^\#: D^+(\text{QCoh}(Y))\rightarrow D^+(\text{QCoh}(X))\), where we use left-bounded derived categories of quasi-coherent sheaves and \(h^\#\) is the right adjoint of \(Rh_*\). Furthermore, if \(f\) is flat, there is an isomorphism \(\mathcal{J}\cong \Delta^!(\mathcal{J}\boxtimes \mathcal{J})\), where \(\Delta: X\rightarrow X\times_Y X\) is the diagonal map and \(\mathcal{J}\boxtimes \mathcal{J}\) is the external tensor product. A dualizing complex satisfying this additional property is called rigid. In contrast to ordinary dualizing complexes, the rigid ones turn out to be unique. In the next section the author presents some new results. Let \(X\) be a noetherian affine scheme and consider the homotopy categories \(K(\text{Inj}(X))\) and \(K(\text{Proj}(X))\) of complexes of injective resp.\ projective quasi-coherent sheaves. A complex \(\mathcal{J} \in K(\text{Inj}(X))\) on \(X\) turns out to be dualizing if and only if the functor \(\mathcal{J}\otimes -: K(\text{Proj}(X))\rightarrow K(\text{Inj}(X))\) is an equivalence. Since there are usually no projective sheaves on a non-affine scheme, this result does not globalize as stated. However, there exists a category \(K_m(\text{Proj}(X))\) built as a Verdier quotient from the homotopy category of complexes of flat quasicoherent sheaves, and for a noetherian separated scheme \(X\) there is the following result. An object \(\mathcal{J} \in K(\text{Inj}(X))\) is a dualizing complex if and only if the functor \(\mathcal{J}\otimes -: K_m(\text{Proj}(X)) \rightarrow K(\text{Inj}(X))\) is an equivalence. These results use the relation of dualizing complexes with compactly generated triangulated categories. The survey concludes with the statement of an open problem. Namely, not every equivalence \(K_m(\text{Proj}(X))\cong K(\text{Inj}(X))\) takes \(\mathcal{O}_X\) to a dualizing complex and the question is whether it is possible to characterize those equivalences which take \(\mathcal{O}_X\) to, for example, rigid dualizing complexes.