Harmonic analysis on the infinite-dimensional unitary group (Q1762545)

The author considers the group \(U(\infty)\) whose elements are infinite unitary matrices \(U=\left[U_{ij}\right]\), \(i,j\in{\mathbb N}\), such that \(U_{ij}=\delta_{ij}\) for sufficiently large \(i+j\). The main goal of harmonic analysis on this group, as well as on another `large' group \(S(\infty)\), is to find a decomposition of the most `natural' unitary representations of this group into irreducible components. The article [\textit{G. Olshanski}, J. Funct. Anal. 205, No. 2, 464--524 (2003; Zbl 1036.43002)] contains a construction of a family \(T_{zw}\) of representations of \(U(\infty)\times U(\infty)\). The family is indexed by two complex parameters \(z\) and \(w\) satisfying the condition \(\Re(z+w)>-1/2\). As the author notes, the spectral type of \(T_{zw}\) is essentially dependent of whether or not \(z\) and \(w\) are integers. The case when both \(z\) and \(w\) are non-integer is already investigated in [\textit{A. Borodin} and \textit{G. Olshanski}, Ann. Math. (2) 161, No. 3, 1319--1422 (2005; Zbl 1082.43003)]. So, the present article is devoted to the case when both parameters are integer. As the author noticed, in this case, the spectrum of the decomposition changes dramatically. The representation \(T_{zw}\) is decomposed into a direct sum of subrepresentations \(T_{pqrs}\) which are called blocks. Then, the spectral type of \(T_{zw}\) is determined by a collection of measures on some finite dimensional faces \(\Omega(p,q;r,s)\). The result is similar to the one obtained in [\textit{S. Kerov, G. Olshanski} and \textit{A. Vershik}, Invent. Math. 158, No. 3, 551--642 (2004; Zbl 1057.43005)] for the group \(S(\infty)\) and corresponding one-parameter family of representations \(T_z\), for integer \(z\). The article is organized as follows. Chapter~1 contains the main definitions like characters of a topological group \(K\), and a summary of several useful results obtained in the area. Chapter~2 is devoted to the construction of \(T_{zw}\). Chapter~3 deals with the commutant \({\mathcal A}\) of the representation \(T_{zw}\) and with the block decomposition. In particular, it is shown that \({\mathcal A}\) is a commutative algebra, and an expression for the transition function of \(T_{zw}\) is obtained. In Section~4, it is proven that, for arbitrary \(z\) and \(w\), the space \(V_{zw}\) of \(K\)-invariant vectors is isomorphic to the space \({\mathcal F}_{zw}\) of functions on \({\mathbb GT}\) satisfying a pseudoharmonicity condition and a Hardy type condition. When \(z\) and \(w\) are integer, this isomorphism agrees with the block decomposition of \(T_{zw}\) obtained in the previous section. This isomorphism is used to construct a \(K\)-invariant vector \(v_{pqrs}\) in each of the blocks \(T_{pqrs}\). In Section~5, it is shown that the vector \(v_{pqrs}\) is a cyclic vector of the representation \(T_{pqrs}\). Section~6 is devoted to proving some lemmas from Section~5. Finally, in Section~7, the author shows that, if \(\Im z\geq 0\), \(\Im w\geq 0\), \(\Re(z+w)>-1/2\), and \(z\) and \(w\) are both integer (for noninteger indices, it was already known), the representations \(T_{zw}\) are pairwise disjoint, i.e., do not have equivalent nonzero subrepresentations. The results obtained, the methods developed, and a good review of other results obtained in this area allow us to say that the article might be very interesting for specialists in abstract harmonic analysis and representation theory.