Hyponormality of Toeplitz operators with polynomial and symmetric-type symbols (Q1764260)

A bounded linear operator on a Hilbert space is said to be hyponormal if \([A^*,A]:=A^*A-AA^*\) is positive semidefinite. The authors study hyponormality of Toeplitz operators \(T_\varphi\) on the Hardy space \(H^2({\mathbb T})\) of the unit circle \({\mathbb T}\), where \(\varphi\) is a polynomial symbol \(\varphi(z)=\sum_{n=-N}^N a_nz^n\) satisfying \(| a_{-N}| <| a_N| \), \(\overline{a_N}[a_{-m},a_{-m-1},\dots,a_{-N}]^\top= a_{-N}[\overline{a_m},\overline{a_{m+1}},\dots,\overline{a_N}]^\top\), where \(m-1\leq N/2\), and \(\overline{a_N}a_{-m+1}\neq a_{-N}\overline{a_{m-1}}\). For \(k\) satisfying \(-m+1\leq k\leq N\), set \(d_k:=\det{ a_k \;\;a_{-N}\brack \overline{a_{-k}}\;\;\overline{a_N}}\). The main result says that \(T_\varphi\) is hyponormal if and only if \(T_\psi\) is hyponormal, where \(\psi(z):=\sum_{k=-m+1}^{-1}d_kz^k+\sum_{k=1}^{m-1}d_{N-m+1+k}z^k\). Moreover, in the cases where \(T_\varphi\) is a hyponormal operator, the rank of \([T_\varphi^*,T_\varphi]\) is computed by \(\text{rank}\,[T_\varphi^*,T_\varphi]=\text{rank}\,[T_\psi^*,T_\psi]+N-m+1\). This result generalizes previous results by \textit{D. R. Farenick} and \textit{W. Y. Lee} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 348, No.~10, 4153--4174 (1996; Zbl 0862.47013)] and \textit{H. Kim} and \textit{W. Y. Lee} [Integral Equations Oper. Theory 32, No.~2, 216--233 (1998; Zbl 0913.47025)].