Differentiability of quantum moment maps and \(G\)-invariant star products (Q1764365)

The author considers a symplectic manifold \((M,\omega)\) and a Lie group \(G\) acting on \(M\) by symplectomorphisms \(\phi_g\) for \(g\in G\). Moreover, he assumes to be given a \(G\)-invariant star product \(\star\) on \(M\), i.e. the group acts on \((C^\infty(M)[[\lambda]],\star)\) by automorphisms via \(\phi_{g^{-1}}^*\) for \(g\in G\). In this situation, the natural generalization of the moment map from Hamiltonian mechanics is the so-called quantum moment map \(\Phi_* : \mathfrak{g} \to C^\infty(M)[[\lambda]]\) that satisfies: i.) \(\frac{1}{\lambda}[\Phi_*(\xi),f]_\star = \xi_M(f)\) for all \(f\in C^\infty(M)[[\lambda]], \xi \in \mathfrak{g}\) and ii.) \(\frac{1}{\lambda} [\Phi_*(\xi),\Phi_*(\eta)]_\star = \Phi_* ([\xi,\eta])\) for all \(\xi,\eta \in \mathfrak{g}\) [cf. \textit{P. Xu}, Commun. Math. Phys. 197, No. 1, 167--197 (1998; Zbl 0939.37048)]. Here \([{}\cdot{},{}\cdot{}]_\star\) denotes the commutator w.r.t. the star product \(\star\) and \(\xi_M\) denotes the generating vector field corresponding to \(\xi \in \mathfrak{g}\). For results on the question of existence of such quantum moment maps cf. [\textit{P. Xu}, loc. cit.], [\textit{S. Gutt} and \textit{J. Rawnsley}, Lett. Math. Phys. 66, No. 1--2, 123--139 (2003; Zbl 1064.53061)], and [\textit{M. F. Müller-Bahns} and \textit{N. Neumaier}, J. Geom. Phys. 50, No. 1--4, 257--272 (2004; Zbl 1078.53100)]. Clearly, from the very definition of \(\Phi_*\) this map extends to a homomorphism of associative algebras \({\mathcal{U}}(\mathfrak{g}_\lambda) \to (C^\infty(M)[[\lambda]],\star)\), where \({\mathcal{U}}(\mathfrak{g}_\lambda)\) denotes the universal enveloping algebra of the Lie algebra \(\mathfrak{g}[[\lambda]]\) equipped with the Lie bracket \([{}\cdot{},{}\cdot{}]_\lambda\) induced by \(\mathbb{R}[[\lambda]]\)-bilinear continuation of \([\xi,\eta]_\lambda = \lambda[\xi,\eta]\) for \(\xi,\eta\in \mathfrak{g}\). Since \({\mathcal{U}} (\mathfrak{g}_\lambda)\) is isomorphic to the space \(\text{Pol}(\mathfrak{g}^*) [[\lambda]]\) of formal series of polynomial functions on \(\mathfrak{g}^*\), equipped with the Gutt star product \(\star^{\text{G}}\) [cf. \textit{S. Gutt}, Lett. Math. Phys. 7, 249--258 (1983; Zbl 0522.58019)] the map \(\Phi_*\) yields a homomorphism also denoted by \(\Phi_*\) from \((\text{Pol}(\mathfrak{g}^*) [[\lambda]], \star^{\text{G}})\) to \((C^\infty(M) [[\lambda]],\star)\). In the present paper the author shows that \(\Phi_*\) can be extended to a map from \(C^\infty(\mathfrak{g}^*)[[\lambda]]\) to \(C^\infty(M)[[\lambda]]\) defining \(\Phi_*(u)\) for \(u \in C^\infty(\mathfrak{g}^*)[[\lambda]]\) by the oscillatory integral \[ \Phi_*(u) = \int_{\mathfrak{g}} ({\mathcal{F}}(u))(\xi) \exp_\star (\text{i}\Phi_*(\xi))\, d \xi, \] where \({\mathcal{F}}(u)\) denotes the Fourier transform of \(u\) and \(\exp_\star\) denotes the star exponential as defined in [\textit{F. Bayen}, \textit{M. Flato}, \textit{C. Frønsdal}, \textit{A. Lichnerowicz}, and \textit{D. Sternheimer}, Ann. Phys. 111, 61--151 (1978; Zbl 0377.53024) and 111--151 (1978; Zbl 0377.53025)]. Moreover, it is shown, that the obtained map \(\Phi_*\) is differentiable in the sense that there is a formal series of differential operators \(D_l\) on \(C^\infty(\mathfrak{g}^*)\) with values in \(C^\infty(M)\) such that \(\Phi_*(u) = \sum_{l=0}^\infty \lambda^l D_l (u)\) which implies that \(\Phi_*\) is in fact an algebra homomorphism on \(C^\infty(\mathfrak{g}^*)[[\lambda]]\). Then several properties of \(\Phi_*\) are collected, and the map \(c_*: \zeta \to \mathbb{C}[[\lambda]]\), where \(\zeta\) denotes the center of \((C^\infty(\mathfrak{g}^*)[[\lambda]], \star^{\text{G}})\), defined by \(c_*(l) = \Phi_*(l)\) for \(l \in \zeta\) and some basic properties of \(c_*\) are recalled from [\textit{K. Hamachi}, Lett. Math. Phys. 50, No. 2, 145--155 (1999; Zbl 0980.53108)]. Finally, the author considers the case of a semisimple coadjoint orbit \({\mathcal{O}}\) (equipped with the Kirillov-Kostant-Souriau symplectic form) of a compact semisimple Lie group. Here the compactness of \(G\) guarantees the existence of a \(G\)-invariant star product \(\star\) and the fact that \(G\) is semisimple guarantees the existence and uniqueness of a quantum moment map. The main result obtained for this example is that there is a \(G\)-equivariant isomorphism between \((C^\infty({\mathcal{O}})[[\lambda]],\star)\) and \(C^\infty(\mathfrak{g}^*)[[\lambda]]/ \langle p_i - c_*(p_i)\rangle\). Here the \(p_i\) for \(i=1,\ldots,r\) are assumed to be functionally independent \(G\)-invariant functions on \(\mathfrak{g}^*\) such that \({\mathcal{O}}\) is given by the level set \(\{ \xi \in \mathfrak{g}^* \,| \,p_i(\xi) = c_i\} \) for some regular value \((c_1,\ldots,c_r)\) of \((p_1,\ldots,p_r)\) and \(\langle p_i - c_*(p_i)\rangle\) denotes the ideal of \((C^\infty(\mathfrak{g}^*) [[\lambda]],\star^{\text{G}})\) generated by the functions \(p_i - c_*(p_i)\). As a consequence, a one-to-one correspondence between the \(G\)-equivalence classes of \(G\)-invariant star products [cf. \textit{M. Bertelson}, \textit{P. Bieliavsky}, and \textit{S. Gutt}, Lett. Math. Phys. 46, No. 4, 339--345 (1998; Zbl 0943.53051)] on \({\mathcal{O}}\) and the maps \(c_*\) is established.