Linear polarization constants of Hilbert spaces (Q1765789)

Let \(X\) be a normed space. For \(n \in {\mathbb N} \), the \(n\)th linear polarization constant of \(X\) is defined by \[ c_n(X):= \inf \Bigl\{ C > 0 : \| f_1\| \cdots \| f_n\| \leq C \sup_{x \in B_X} | f_1(x) \cdots f_n(x) | ,\;f_1,\dots ,f_n \in X'\Bigr\}. \] In the first section, the authors give a short survey of the known results concerning \(c_n\). The main results of this paper are the following: Theorem 1. For the linear polarization constant \(c({\mathbb C}^d)\) of the Hilbert space \({\mathbb C}^d\) \((d\geq 2)\), one has \[ c({\mathbb C}^d) := \lim_{n \rightarrow \infty } c_n({\mathbb C}^d)^{1/n} = e^{-L(d,{\mathbb C})}\quad \text{with}\quad L(d,{\mathbb C}) := \int_{S_{{\mathbb C}^d}} \log | \langle x,s \rangle| \,d\sigma(x), \] where \(d\sigma\) denotes the normalized surface Lebesgue measure on \(S_{{\mathbb C}^d}\), and \(s \in S_{{\mathbb C}^d}\) is arbitrary. Theorem 2. For the Hilbert spaces \({\mathbb R}^n\), one has \(c_n({\mathbb R}^n) = n^{n/2}\), if \(n=2,3,4,5.\) Therefore \(c_n({\mathbb R}^d) = n^{n/2}\) for \(n \leq \min\{d,5\}\). It is known that \(c_n({\mathbb C}^n) = n^{n/2}\) for \(n \geq 1\), but it remains a conjecture whether \(c_n({\mathbb R}^n) = n^{n/2}\) for all \(n \geq 2\). In the last section, the authors show some results relative to the constant \(L(d,{\mathbb K})\).