Best weak-type \((p,p)\) constants, \(1\leq p \leq 2\), for orthogonal harmonic functions and martingales (Q1766859)

Let \(D_0\) be a bounded subdomain of \(D\subset\mathbb{R}^n\) with \(\partial D_0\subset D\) and \(\xi\in D_0.\) Let \(\mu\) be the harmonic measure on \(\partial D_0\) with respect to \(\xi.\) The main theorem of the paper says that if \(u\) and \(v\) are harmonic functions on \(D,\) \(1\leq p\leq 2\) and (i) \(| v(\xi)| <| u(\xi)| ,\) (ii) \(| \nabla v| \leq| \nabla u| \) on \(D,\) (iii) \(\nabla v\cdot\nabla u=0\) on \(D,\) then \(\mu(| v| \geq 1)\leq K_p\int_{\partial D_0}| u| ^p\,d\mu\) and \(K_p\) is the best constant given by \[ K_p^{-1}=\frac{1}{\pi}\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}\frac{| 2\pi^{-1}\log| t| | ^p}{t^2+1}\,dt. \] A probabilistic analogue of the above theorem is proved for orthogonal martingales.