Motives and admissible representations of automorphism groups of fields (Q1769039)

Let \(k\) be an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, \(F\) be an algebraically closed extension of \(k\) of transcendence degree \(n\), where \(1\leq n\leq\infty\), and \(G=\text{Gal}(F/k)\). Finally, let the set of \(\text{Gal}(F/k(x))\) for all \(x\in F\) be a base of neighbourhoods of the identity in \(G\). A representation of a totally disconnected topological group in a vector space \(W\) is called smooth if the stabilizers of all vectors are open subgroups, is called admissible if the subspace of \(W\) fixed by any open subgroup is of finite dimension, and is called continuous if the stabilizers of all vectors are closed. The aim of the paper is to compare the properties of various ``geometric'' categories with the properties of various categories of smooth representations of \(G\) and to find analogues of results of the representation theory of \(p\)-adic groups for the group \(G\). One of the main results of the paper is the simplicity (in topological sense) of \(G\) when \(n=\infty\) and of \(G^0\) (the subgroup generated by the compact subgroups of \(G\)) in general. As a consequence, if \(n=\infty\), any non-trivial continuous representation of \(G\) is faithful, and, if \(n<\infty\), factors through the discrete quotient \(G/G^0\) of \(G\). Also, \(G^0\) (or \(G\) if \(n=\infty\)) has no non-trivial smooth representation of finite degree. For any scheme \(X\) over \(k\) there is a natural smooth \(G\)-action on the group of cycles on \(X_F = X\times_k F\). This suggests to compare the category of (homological) motives over \(k\) modulo numerical equivalence on cycles with the category of graded semi-simple admissible \(G\)-modules of finite type. In fact, it is proven that, for \(n=\infty\), there is a fully faithful functor of the first category into the second one, and it is conjectured that the two categories are equivalent. As before, a modified version of this result is given for \(n<\infty\). Let \(Sm_G\) be the category of smooth \(G\)-modules, and let \(\mathcal A\) be an irreducible commutative algebraic group over \(k\). As an example of cohomological calculations, it is shown that \[ \text{Ext}^1_{Sm_G} ({\mathcal A}(F)/{\mathcal A}(k),\mathbb Q) = \text{Hom} ({\mathcal A}(k), \mathbb Q). \] In the case of an abelian variety, it is noticed that this should correspond to the identity \(\text{Ext}^1 (\mathbb Q(0), H_1({\mathcal A})) = {\mathcal A}(k) \otimes \mathbb Q\) in the category of mixed motives over \(k\). An abelian category \({\mathcal I}_G\) of ``homotopy invariant'' representations having some properties of the Chow groups is also introduced. For \(n=\infty\) there are no smooth projective representations of \(G\). However, \({\mathcal I}_G\) has enough projective objects, since the inclusion functor \({\mathcal I}_G \to Sm_G\) admits the left adjoint \({\mathcal I}\,:\, Sm_G \to {\mathcal I}_G\) and to any subextension \(L\) of finite type one can associate the projective object \(C_L = {\mathcal I} \mathbb Q [G/\text{Gal}(F/L)]\) of \({\mathcal I}_G\). Finally, it is shown that for any smooth model \(X\) of \(L/k\) there is a natural surjection \(C_L \to CH_0(X \times_k F) \otimes \mathbb Q\); the author conjectures that this is an isomorphism, and proves the conjecture when \(L\) has transcendence degree 1 over \(k\).