Sum formula for Kloosterman sums and fourth moment of the Dedekind zeta-function over the Gaussian number field (Q1769847)

Let \(F=\mathbb Q(i)\) be the Gaussian number field and \(\zeta _F(s)\) its Dedekind zeta-function. One of the goals of this comprehensive paper is to establish a spectral expansion for weighted fourth moments of \(\zeta _F\), that is for integrals of the type \[ \int_{-\infty }^{\infty}| \zeta _F(1/2+it)| ^4g(t)\, dt, \] where the weight function \(g\) is assumed to be entire and of rapid decay in any fixed horizontal strip. A model of such a result is the corresponding formula for Riemann's zeta-function due to the second named author [Spectral Theory of the Riemann Zeta-Function (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge Tracts in Mathematics 127) (1997; Zbl 0878.11001)]. However, this generalization is by no means straightforward. One needs the spectral decomposition of the space \(L^2(\text{PSL}_2(\mathbb Z[i])\backslash \text{PSL}_2(\mathbb C))\). A crucial result is a generalization of Kuznetsov's Kloosterman-Spectral sum formula for ordinary Kloosterman sums to analogous Gaussian Kloosterman sums \[ S_F(m,n;c)=\sum_{d\pmod{c}, (d,c)=1}\exp (2\pi i\Re ((md+n\tilde d)/c)), \] where \(c, d, m, n \in \mathbb Z[i]\) and \(d\tilde d \equiv 1 \pmod{c}\).