Localization of tight closure in two-dimensional rings (Q1770015)

Let \(R\) be a noetherian commutative ring with identity element of prime characteristic, \(p>0\). Tight closure is an operation defined on ideals of \(R\), that assigns to each ideal \(I\) of \(R\) another ideal \(I^*\) containing \(I\) such that \(x\in {I^*}\) if and only if there is \(\lambda\in{R}\) such that \(\lambda{x^{p^e}}\in{I^{p^e}}\), where \(\lambda\) is not contained in any minimal prime ideal of \(R\). This operation, tight closure, commutes with localization in \(R\) if, for all ideals \(I\) in \(R\) and all multiplicative systems \(U\) in \(R\), \(I^*R[U^-1]=(IR[U^-1])^*\). One of the biggest open problems related to tight closure is whether or not tight closure commutes with localization. This question still remains unanswered in the general case. The authors use techniques of \textit{K. E. Smith} [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 129, No.~3, 667--669 (2001; Zbl 0966.13004)] and \textit{A. Vraciu} [J. Algebra 228, No.~1, 347--356 (2000; Zbl 0955.13001)] to show that tight closure commutes with localization in \(R\) in the following cases: a) \(\dim{R}<2\), b) \(R\) is a two-dimensional local ring, c) \(\dim{R} =2\) and either \(R\) is a Nagata ring or \(R\) possesses a \(q'\)-weak test element.