Phantom cosmology with non-minimally coupled real scalar field (Q1770118)

Recent observations of the microwave background show that the universe is almost flat, and the astrophysical data of type Ia supernova (SN-Ia) reveals that the universe is currently undergoing a period of accelerating expansion. It follows immediately that there must be a kind of dark energy, which makes up of two thirds of the energy density and has negative pressure that can drive the accelerating expansion of the universe. The accelerating expansion of the universe indicates that the equation of state of the dark energy might be smaller than \((-1)\), which leads to the introduction of phantom models featured by its negative kinetic energy to account for the regime of equation of state parameter \(w < - 1\). In this paper, the possibility of using a non-minimally coupled real scalar field as phantom to realize the equation of state parameter \(w < -1\) is discussed. The main equations which govern the evolution of the universe are obtained and rewritten with the observable quantities. The minimally coupled case and the non-minimally coupled case are compared by pictures of the variation of dark energy equation-of-state \(w\). Through the main equations the evolution of the universe is studied.