Pro-\(p\)-Iwahori Hecke ring and supersingular \(\bar{\text F}_p\)-representations (Q1772082)

The motivation of this paper is the search for a Langlands correspondence modulo \(p\). The author shows that the pro-\(p\)-Iwahori Hecke ring \(H^{(1)}\) of a split reductive \(p\)-adic group \(G\) over a local field \(F\) of a finite residue field \(\mathbb F_q\) with \(q\) elements admits an Iwahori-Matsumoto presentation and a Bernstein \(Z\)-basis, and the author determines its centre. The author proves that the ring \(H^{(1)}\) is finitely generated as a module over its centre. These results were proved by the author [ArXiv:math. RT/0301058] only for the Iwahori Hecke ring. Let \(p\) be the prime number dividing \(q\) and let \(k\) be an algebraically closed field of characteristic \(p\). A character from the centre of \(H^{(1)}\) to \(k\) which is ``as null as possible'' will be called null. The simple \(H^{(1)}_{k}\)-modules with a null central character are called supersingular. When \(G=\mathrm{GL}(n)\), the author shows that each simple \(H^{(1)}_{k}\)-module of dimension \(n\) containing a character of the affine subring \(H^{(1)}_{\text{aff}}\) is supersingular, using the minimal expressions of Haines generalized to \(H^{(1)}\), and that the number of such modules is equal to the number of irreducible \(k\)-representations of the Weil group \(W_F\) of dimension \(n\) (when the action of a uniformizer \(p_F\) in the Hecke algebra side and of the determinant of a Frobenius \(Fr_F\) in the Galois side are fixed), i.e. the number \(N_n(q)\) of unitary irreducible polynomials in \(\mathbb F_q [X]\) of degree \(n\). One knows that the converse is true by explicit computations when \(n=2\) as shown by the author [Compos. Math. 140, No. 2, 333--358 (2004; Zbl 1049.22010)], and when \(n=3\).