An explicit construction of the McKay correspondence for \(A\)-Hilb \(\mathbb C^3\) (Q1772441)

Let \(G\) be a finite subgroup of \(\text{SL}(n,\mathbb{C})\). The generalized McKay correspondence aims to relate the geometry of crepant (i.e. with trivial canonical divisor) resolutions of singularities of the quotient \(\mathbb{C}^n/G\) to the representations of the group \(G\). This paper deals with the natural candidate given by the Hilbert scheme of \(G\)-regular orbits introduced by \textit{I. Nakamura} [J. Algebr. Geom. 10, No.~4, 757--779 (2001; Zbl 1104.14003)], parametrizing generalized \(G\)-orbits on \(\mathbb{C}^n\), denoted by \(G\text{-Hilb}(\mathbb{C}^n)=:Y\). By a theorem of \textit{T. Bridgeland, A. King} and \textit{M. Reid} [J. Am. Math. Soc. 14, No. 3, 535--554 (2001; Zbl 0966.14028)], for \(n=3\) this provides the required resolution of singularities. The McKay correspondence is realized as follows: there exists a natural integral basis of the Grothendieck group \(K(Y)\) given by natural bundles \(\mathcal{R}_k\) indexed by the irreducible representations of \(G\). This provides, through Chern character, a rational basis of the cohomology \(H^*(Y,\mathbb{Q})\) in one-to-one correspondence with the irreducible representations of \(G\). It is still an open problem to get a similar correspondence for the integral cohomology \(H^*(Y,\mathbb{Z})\). Reid conjectured that some ``cookery'' with the Chern classes of these bundles \(\mathcal{R}_k\) should provide an integral basis. This paper establishes explicitly this integral McKay correspondence for all abelian subgroups \(A\) in \(\text{SL}(3,\mathbb{C})\) (Theorem 1.1). The method follows the recipe introduced by Reid, uses previous work of \textit{Y. Ito, H. Nakajima} [Topology 39, No.~6, 1155--1191 (2000; Zbl 0995.14001)] and an explicit algorithm of computation of \(A\text{-Hilb}(\mathbb{C}^3)\) already described by \textit{A. Craw} and \textit{M. Reid} [in: Geometry of toric varieties. Lect. summer school. Grenoble. 2000, Sémin. Congr. 6, 129--154 (2002; Zbl 1080.14502)] and extending the initial work of Nakamura [loc.cit.], based upon a decoration of the toric fan of \(A\text{-Hilb}(\mathbb{C}^3)\) with the characters of the group \(A\). The integral basis of \(H^2(Y,\mathbb{Z})\) is then given by the first Chern classes of some \(\mathcal{R}_k\)'s indexed by specific non-trivial characters (Proposition 7.1). In order to base \(H^4(Y,\mathbb{Z})\), the author computes all relations between the line bundles (since the group is abelian) \(\mathcal{R}_k\) in \(\text{Pic}(Y)\), and introduces a family of virtual bundles \(\mathcal{V}_m\) indexed by the remaining non-trivial irreducible representations, whose second Chern classes will give the expected integral basis (Proposition 7.3).