Double families of integrated evolution operators (Q1773453)

Let \(X\) and \(Y\) be Banach spaces over the real or complex field and let \(S= \{S(t) : t >0; S(t) : Y \to X\}\) and \(E= \{E(t) : t >0; E(t) : Y \to Y\}\) be two families of bounded linear operators. The authors assume the minimal condition that for every \(y \in Y\) and \(\lambda >0\), the integrals \[ p(\lambda)y := \int_0^\infty e^{-\lambda t}S(t)y\, dt \quad \text{and}\quad r(\lambda)y := \int_0^\infty e^{-\lambda t} E(t)y\, dt \] exist as Bochner integrals. The double family \(\langle S, E\rangle\) is called an integrated empathy if \[ S(t)E(s)y = \int_0^t(S(s+\sigma) - S(\sigma))y\, d\sigma \text{ for all }s, t >0. \] The authors present a rather complete study of integrated empathies under assumptions such as continuity at zero, strong continuity and Lipschitz continuity. Finally, they give applications of their theory to a heat transfer problem and a wave problem with dynamic boundary conditions.