A formula for the inner spectral radius (Q1777849)

For a bounded linear operator \(T\) on a (complex) Banach space \(X\), the minimum modulus of \(T\), denoted by \(m(T)\), is the quantity \(\text{inf}\{\| Tx\|: x\in X,\| x\|= 1\}\), and the inner spectral radius \(i(T)\) and inner approximate spectral radius \(i_{ap}(T)\) of \(T\) are \(\text{inf}\{|\lambda|:\lambda\in\sigma(T)\}\) and \(\text{inf}\{|\lambda|: \lambda\in\sigma_{ap}(T)\}\), respectively. It was proved by \textit{E.~Makai Jr.}\ and \textit{J.~Zemánek} [Integral Equations Oper. Theory 6, 372--384 (1983; Zbl 0511.47002)] that \(i_{ap}(T)\) equals \(r_i(T)\equiv \lim_{n\to\infty}[m(T^n)]^{1/n}\). In the present paper, the author obtains some (easily verified) facts relating these quantities. Among them is the result that \(i(T)= i_{ap}(T)\) if and only if \(r_i(T)\leq r_i(T^*)\).