Isoperimetric inequality for the second eigenvalue of a sphere. (Q1777972)

Let \((S^{2},g)\) be a Riemannian manifold diffeomorphic to the two-dimensional sphere with area~\(4\pi\). The author proves that the second positive eigenvalue of the Laplacian on \((S^{2},g)\) is less than~\(4\). The equality is obtained when the sphere \((S^{2},g)\) breaks into two round spheres with area \(2\pi\).