Holomorphic de Rham cohomology of strongly pseudoconvex CR manifolds with \(S^ 1\)-actions. (Q1777997)

A CR manifold \(M\) of type \((n,k)\) is defined by the datum of a formally integrable complex subbundle \(T^{1,0}M\) of rank \(n\) of its complexified tangent bundle \(\mathbb{C}TM\), satisfying \(T^{1,0}M\cap T^{0,1}M = 0\), where \(T^{0,1}M =\overline{T^{1,0}M}\). The complex valued smooth exterior forms vanishing on \(T^{0,1}M\) form an ideal \(\mathcal{I}\) of the complex algebra \(\mathcal{A}(M)\) of complex valued smooth exterior forms on \(M\). The formal integrability of \(T^{1,0}M\) is equivalent to the fact that \(d\mathcal{I}^p\subset\mathcal{I}^p\) for all non negative integers \(p\). Thus the filtration \(\mathcal{A}(M)=\mathcal{I}^0\supset\mathcal{I}\supset\mathcal{I}^2 \supset\cdots\supset \mathcal{I}^{n+k}\supset\mathcal{I}^{n+k+1}=0\) yields a filtration of the de Rham complex on complex valued smooth exterior forms and we can consider the associated spectral sequence. The terms \(E_1^{p,q}\) correspond to the usual cohomology groups of the tangential Cauchy-Riemann complexes, as defined for instance by \textit{C. D. Hill} and \textit{M. Nacinovich} in [Lect. Notes Pure Appl. Math. 173, 275--297 (1996; Zbl 0921.32004)] or by \textit{J. J. Kohn} and \textit{H. Rossi} [Ann. Math. (2) 81, 451--472 (1965; Zbl 0166.33802)] in the hypersurface case (\(k=1\)). The terms \(E_2^{k,0}\), that are denoted by \(H_h^k(M)\) and called holomorphic de Rham cohomology groups, generalize for CR manifolds the similar notion for complex manifolds, that can be found [for instance in \textit{J.-P. Serre}, Centre Belge Rech. math., Colloque fonctions plusieurs variables, Bruxelles 1953, 57--68 (1953; Zbl 0053.05302)]. In this paper the authors investigate the groups \(H_h^k(M)\) in the case where \(M\) is a compact strongly pseudoconvex CR hypersurface (a CR manifold of type \((n,1)\)) in a Euclidean complex manifold \(\mathbb{C}^N\). They assume moreover that on \(M\) there is a transversal holomorphic \(S^1\) action. It is known [see e.g. \textit{H. Rossi}, Rice Univ. Studies 59, No. 1 (Proc. Conf. complex Analysis 1972, I), 131--145 (1973; Zbl 0277.32011)] that under suitable assumptions \(M\) is then the boundary of an \((n+1)\)-dimensional complex analytic variety \(V\) with only an isolated singularity \(x\). When this is the case, they show that \(H^k_h(M)\) is naturally isomorphic to \(H^k_h(V,x)\). This last group is defined as \(\varinjlim H^k_h(U\setminus\{x\})\), where \(U\) runs over the open neighborhoods of \(x\) in \(V\). In view of previous results by the same authors and \textit{X. Huang} [J. Math. Soc. Japan 55, No. 3, 633--640 (2003; Zbl 1034.32018)] this implies that \(H^k_h(M)=0\) for \(1\leq k\leq n-1\) and \(\dim H^n_h(M)=\dim H^{n+1}_h(M)\). Of special interest are the results proved for \(M\) of real dimension \(3\) (CR type \((1,1)\)). They show that when \(M\) bounds a \(V\) with at most rational singularities, then \(H^k_h(M)=0\) for \(k=1,2\). In case \(M\subset\mathbb{C}^3\) and \(V\) has at most one singularity, denote by \(A\) the exceptional set of a resolution of \(V\). The authors prove that in this case the vanishing of \(H^k_h(M)=0\) for \(k=1,2\) is equivalent to the condition that \(H^1(A,\mathbb{C})=0\).