Spectrally arbitrary star sign patterns (Q1779256)

An \(n \times n\) sign pattern \(S_n\) is a matrix with entries in \(\{+,-,0\}\) and describes at the same time the set of all \(n \times n\) matrices whose entries have the sign pattern specified by \(S_n\). It is spectrally arbitrary if, for any real monic polynomial \(g\) of degree \(n\) there is \(A \in S_n\) with characteristic polynomial \(g\). If the graph of \(S_n\) is a star, all spectrally arbitrary sign patterns are described. Also the minimal patterns are given. There are two families of minimal spectrally arbitrary star sign patterns, \(Z_{n,p}\) and \(Y_n\). All their super patterns are spectrally arbitrary. In the last sections potentially stable, inertially arbitrary and potentially nilpotent star sign patterns are studied.