Moduli map of second fundamental forms on a nonsingular intersection of two quadrics (Q1784158)

Let $X\subset {\mathbb{P}}^N$ be a nondegenerate complex projective variety (or a complex submanifold) and $II_{X, x}$ be the second fundamental form at a nonsingular point $x\in X$. If $c$ is the codimension of $X\subset {\mathbb{P}}^N $, $II_{X, x}$ is a linear system of quadrics of projective dimension at most $c-1$ on the tangent space $T_x(X)$. Let ${\mathcal{M}}^{PQ}_n$ be the moduli of (nonsingular) pencils of quadrics on a vector space of dimension $n$. If $X\subset {\mathbb{P}}^{n+2}$ is a submanifold of dimension $n\geq 3$, then there is a moduli map $\mu^X: X^0\rightarrow {\mathcal{M}}^{PQ}_n$ of the second fundamental forms defined on a Zariski open subset $X^0\subset X$. \textit{P. Griffiths} and \textit{J. Harris} [Ann. Sci. Éc. Norm. Supér. (4) 12, 355--452 (1979; Zbl 0426.14019)] asked the following question: \par Question. Let $M$ and $M'$ be two submanifolds of codimension 2 in ${\mathbb{P}}^{n+2}$ with the maps $\mu^M: M\rightarrow {\mathcal{M}}^{PQ}_n$ and $\mu^{M'}: M'\rightarrow {\mathcal{M}}^{PQ}_n$ arising from the moduli of their second fundamental forms. If there is a biholomorphic map $f: M\rightarrow M'$ satisfying $\mu^M= \mu^{M'}\circ f$, does $f$ come from a projective automorphism of ${\mathbb{P}}^{n+2}$? \par In this paper, the author proves the following theorem: \par Theorem A. Let $X\subset {\mathbb{P}}^{n+2}$ be a nonsingular intersection of two quadric hypersurfaces with $n\geq 3$. Then the morphism $\mu^X: X^0\rightarrow {\mathcal{M}}^{PQ}_n$ is dominant. In particular, given any two nonsingular varieties $X, X' \subset {\mathbb{P}}^{n+2}$ defined as the intersections of two quadric hypersurfaces, there is a biholomorphic map $f: M\rightarrow M'$ between some Euclidean open subsets $M\subset X$ and $M'\subset X'$ such that $\mu^M= \mu^{M'}\circ f$. \par Theorem A is a counterexample for the question of Griffiths and Harris since there are many choices of $X$ and $X'$ that are not biregular to each other. \par With an additional condition, by Cartan-Fubini type extension theorem due to \textit{J.-M. Hwang} and \textit{N. Mok} [J. Math. Pures Appl. (9) 80, No. 6, 563--575 (2001; Zbl 1033.32013)], the question of Griffiths and Harris has an affirmative answer: \par For two nonsingular varieties $X, X'\subset {\mathbb{P}}^{n+2}$ ($n>3$), defined as the intersections of two quadric hypersurfaces, suppose there exists a biholomorphic map $f: M\rightarrow M'$ between connected Euclidean open subsets $M\subset X$ and $M'\subset X'$ such that $d_xf: T_x(M)\rightarrow T_{f(x)}(M')$ for each $x\in M$ sends the base locus ${\mathcal{C}}_x$ of $II_{X, x}$ to the base locus ${\mathcal{C}}_{f(x)}$ of $II_{X', f(x)}$. Then $f$ comes from a projective automorphism of ${\mathbb{P}}^{n+2}$. \par The author replaces $\mu^X$ by $\tilde{\mu}^X$ and gives an affirmative answer for nonsingular intersection of two quadrics with $n> 4$ in Theorem B. \par Theorem B. Let $X$, $X'$ be two nonsingular varieties in ${\mathbb{P}}^{n+2}$ for $n>4$, each of them defined as an intersection of two quadric hypersurfaces. Let $\tilde{\mu}^X: X^{\mathrm{reg}}\rightarrow \tilde{\mathcal{M}}_n^{PQ}$ and ${\tilde{\mu}}^{X'}: (X')^{\mathrm{reg}}\rightarrow \tilde{\mathcal{M}}_n^{PQ}$ be their refined moduli maps of second fundamental forms. Suppose there exists a biholomorphic map $f: M\rightarrow M'$ between connected Euclidean open subsets $M\subset X^{\mathrm{reg}}$ and $M'\subset (X')^{\mathrm{reg}}$ such that $\tilde{\mu}^X|_M={\tilde{\mu}}^{X'}|_{M'}\circ f$. Then $f$ comes from a projective automorphism of ${\mathbb{P}}^{n+2}$. \par The main idea to prove Theorem A is to show that the discriminant map is a dominant morphism. To prove Theorem B, a key step is to show that the subspace ${\mathcal{P}}_x\subset T_x(X)$ is poised by $II_{X, x}$, where ${\mathcal{P}}_x\subset T_x(X)$ is the kernel of the derivative $d_x\mu^X$ which is a three-dimensional vector subspace in $T_x(X)$.